Daga Eraldo Souza dos Santos
'Yan Amurka da dama sun shiga mamaki yadda aka turo 'yan sanda suna kama masu zanga-zangar goyon bayan Falasdinawa a jami'o'in kasar. An watsa wa dubban daliban barkonon tsohuwar, sannan an kama da dama daga cikinsu a cikin watannin da suka gabata.
Wannan lamarin, da kuma abubuwan da 'yan siyasa ke yi, ya sa mutane suka fara waiwayan abubuwan da suka faru a baya, musamman game da amfani da doka da oda. Amma duk wanda ya san tarihin Amurka ba zai yi mamaki ba abubuwan da suke faruwa ba.
Shekara 30 baya, a Yulin 1964, Sanata mai wakiltar Arizona, Sanata Barry Goldwater ya lashe zaben fitar da dan takara na takarar Shugaban Kasa na Jam'iyyar Republican, inda ya fafata takara da Shugaban Kasa mai ci na lokacin, Lyndon Johnson na Jam'iyyar Democrat.
An tsara kamfen din Lyndon ne a kan tsarin cewa, "Laifuffuka sun fi mutane hayayyafa cikin sauri ne idan ana ba masu karya doka kariya sama da masu tabbatar da dokar."
A 16 ga Yulin 1964, lokacin da Goldwater ya samu nasarar zama dan takarar Jam'iyyar Republican a babban taronta a San Francisco, wani dan sanda farin fata ya kashe wani bakin fata dan shekara 15 mai suna Jamea Powell, wanda hakan ya yi sanadiyar gudanar da zanga-zangar na kwanaki a birnin New York.
Zanga-zangar ce ta bude hanya ga wasu zanga-zangar da suka biyo baya a shekarun 1960s.
A daidai lokacin da Jam'iyyar Democrat da Republican kowace ke ta kokarin nuna wa duniya cewa ta fi bin doka da oda a Amurka, mutane masu zanga-zanga a kananan garuruwa masu makwabta da Amurka su kuma tururuwa suke kara yi suna shigowa Amurka a kusan kullum domin shiga zanga-zangar kira ga adalci.l da daidaito.
Duk da kokarin Goldwater na nuna cewa yana bin doka da oda, Johnson ne ya lashe zaben a lokacin. Sai a shekarar 1965 ya ayyana dokar da ya kira, "Yaki da laifufuka" a matsayin shirin gyara hali.
Johnson ya ce "Yaki da talauci," ne kawai zai rage yawan laifufuka a kasar. Sai dai duba da yadda laifufuka suke ta karuwa a kasar, sai ya zama mutanen kasar sun fara shiga rudu a game da magana da aikinsa.
A karshe sai ya zama Johnson ya koma tura 'yan sanda zuwa garuruwan talakawa, wanda hakan ya kara tabbatar da batun da suka yi amanna da ita cewa bakin haure, musamman bakaken fata ne suka fi aika laifufuka a kasar.
Zanga-zangar neman adalci ko aikata laifuffuka a tituna?
An zargi kungiyoyin al'umma, musamman masu kare hakkin dan Adam da taimakawa wajen jawo wa hukumomi raini da karya doka. 'Yan Jam'iyyar Republicans suna ta kokarin nuna akwai bambancin tsakanin zanga-zangar neman adalci da zanga-zangar tarzoma da kuma aikata laifuffuka a tituna ga duniya.
A shekarar 1968, wadda shekarar zabe ce, an yi ta gudanar da zanga-zanga a Jami'ar Columbia da wasu jami'o'in a Amurka a kan adawa da Yakin Vietnam da adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata, wanda ya taimakawa dan Jam'iyyar Republican Richard Nixon ya lashe Zaben Shugaban Kasa.
Yanzu kuma, bayan shekara 56, a wannan zaben na bana, za mu iya sake fuskantar irin wancan yanayin.
Ana amfani da zanga-zangar goyon bayan Falasdinawa da aka yi a jami'o'in Amurka, kuma ana tunanin za su yi tasiri wajen taimakon dan Jam'iyyar Republican a zaben mai zuwa.
Dadin bakin da 'yan Republican a ziyarar da suka kai Jami'ar Columbia a watan jiya, sun kara nuna wa duniya cewa jam'iyyarsu ta masu bin doka da oda ce.
"Muna girmana ra'ayin kowa da 'yancin magana da bambancin ra'ayi, amma ya kamata a rika kiyaye doka a wajen amfani da wadannan damarmaki," inji Shugaban Majalisar Wakilan kasar, Mike Johnson wanda dan Jam'iyyar Republican ne a jawabinsa a wajen taron.
A daidai lokacin da wasu suke ganin laifin hukumomin makarantu ne da suke kokarin hana zanga-zanga, alamu na nuna 'yan takarar jam'iyyar da dama suna amfani da masu zanga-zangar ne domin nuna yadda suke kokarin nuna wa duniya yadda suke bin doka da oda.
Samun 'yancin laifuffuka
A tsakanin shekarun 1960s, an yi fafatikar samun 'yancin aiwatar da laifuffuka a kasar Amurka. Haka kuma a tsakanin shekarun 1960s din ne Jam'iyyar Democrats suke kokarin nuna cewa jam'iyyarsu ce ta masu bin doka da oda.
A shekarar 1968 ce Nixon ya yi yunkurin nuna cewa akwai bambanci tsakanin zanga-zangar lumana da ta tarzoma ko da kuwa ba a yi rikici ba. A cewarsa, "maganganun da masu zanga-zangar suke amfani da su suna ruda mutane. Burinsu ke nan su kawo rudani.
Idan aka yi bayanin kalmomin da suke amfani da su, za ka ga rikici ne kawai suke nema. Ana amfani da su wajen kawo koma-baya da cigaban da ake samu na 'yanci da zaman lafiya da sauransu."
Shi ma Shugaba Biden salon da ya dauka ke nan a game da masu zanga-zanga, inda a ranar 5 ga Mayu ya bayyana cewa, "akwai 'yancin gudanar da zanga-zanga, amma babu 'yancin tayar da tarzoma."
Ko a yawancin zanga-zangar da ba a samu tarzoma ba, ya nanata cewa daliban suna amfani da "hanyoyin tayar da rikici" sannan kuma, " zanga-zangar lumana ake ba kariya, ba zanga-zangar tarzoma ba."
Yanzu abin jira shi ne ko Jam'iyyar Republican za ta samu nasara a zaben mai zuwa, amma ganin yadda jam'iyyun Democrats da Republicans din duka suke yaudarar mutane da batun amfani da doka da oda, akwai yiwuwar irin salon da Nixon ya zama Shugaban Kasa a 1968 ya maimaita kansa.
Darasi daga tarihin baya
Idan dai za mu dauki izina daga baya, lokacin da Democrats, kamar Johnson suka nuna cewa sun fi Republican kokari wajen yaki da laifuffuka, su kuma masu zaben sai suka nuna tamkar sun fi gamsuwa da tsarin Republicans din a kan Democrats.
Wannan ya sa Johnson ya samu nasara a 1964, amma wannan kafin wasu abubuwa su faru ne, inda aka kara mayar da hankali a kan kariyar mutane.
A yanzu dai mutane da dama sun yanke kaunar cewa shirye-shiryen gwamnati irin su Great Society za su iya yaki da talauci, kuma Shugaba Biden a yanzu haka bai kama hanyar samar da wasu shirye-shiryen tallafa wa mutane da za su sa masu zabe su sauya tunani ba.
Amma bisa la'aikari da yaudarar amfani da doka da oda, Biden zai iya taimakawa wajen samun nasarar Donald Trump, sannan Republican ta samu nasara a mafi yawan kujerun gwamnoni.
A wuraren kamfe a watan jiya, Trump ya bayyana wasu tsare-tsaren karfafa bin doka da oda wanda kai-tsaye zai shafi masu goyon bayan Falasdinawa.
Ya ce, "Zuwa ga dukkan shugabannin daliban jami'o'i, ina kira gare ku da ku cire duk wata shinge da ake saka muku. Ku fafattaki masu taurin kai a cikinku ku dawo da makarantunmu ga asalin dalibanmu na kwarai," inji shi.
Bayan kiraye-kirayen a rika bin doka da, dukkan sauran abubuwa kamar fafutikar goyon bayan Falasdinawa suna kara samun karbuwa, wanda hakan ke alamta cewa akwai alamar za mu zanga-zanga masu zafi kamar na shekarun 1960.
Kawo karshen zangon karatu zai sa daliban ba za su samu damar yin zanga-zanga a makarantu ba, amma kuma a dayan bangaren hakan zai ba su damar yin zanga-zangar titunan kasar ta Amurka kamar yadda suka yi a baya.
