Daga Omar Abdel-Razek
Wasu yaƙe-yaƙe na haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin kasashen duniya, tare da haifar da ɓarna mai tarin yawa wadda ke zama barazana ga bangaren tsaro da tattalin arzikin duniya.
A wani bangare kuma, wani yakin yana gushewa ne cikin tarihi.
Misali na farko shi ne yakin Rasha da Ukraine sai kuma rikicin Sudan da ke zama babban misali kan wannan batu.
Kimanin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, a lokacin da yaki ya barke a Ukraine ana yawan yi masa lakabi da "yakin farar fata" saboda kasancewar kasar a yankin Turai sai kuma abokiyar gabarta Rasha wacce ke da tarihin barazana ga Amurka da kasashen Turai.
Watakila wannan shi ne babban dalilin da ya sa Amurka ta bayar da tallafin sama da dala biliyan 71 ga Ukraine, inda aka ware dala biliyan 43 domin taimakon ayyukan soji da tsaro, yayin da sauran kasashen yammacin duniya suka kashe kusan dala biliyan 50 a cewar rahotanni.
Wannan rikici ya sa kasashen Turai da Amurka sake tantance karfin sojinsu tare da kara yawan kudaden da ake kashe wa bangaron tsaro.
A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, sama da fararen hula 10,000 ne suka rasa rayukansu a Ukraine tun bayan fara rikicin kasar a ranar 22 ga Fabrairun 2022.
A yankin Afirka, inda aka fuskanci rikice-rikicen makamai sama da 35, yawanci dai lamarin bai wani dauki hankalin duniya sosai ba.
Yakin Sudan ya fada cikin wannan rukuni, inda a sama da watanni takwas da soma rikici a kasar cikin watan Afrilun 2023, an yi asarar rayukan mutane fiye da12,000, wanda ya kai ga babban jami'in jinƙai na MDD Martin Griffith ya bayyana hakan a matsayin ''daya daga cikin mafi munin yanayi jinƙai da aka taba fuskanta a tarihi.''
Rikicin ya raba fararen hula sama da miliyan bakwai da muhallansu a kasar, yayin da wasu karin mutum miliyan 1.5 ke neman mafaka a wasu kasashe da ke maƙwabtaka.
"Ayyukan kafofin watsa labarai"
Wani abin mamaki shi ne yadda yakin Sudan ya ƙi farkar da kasashen duniya wajen shiga tsakani domin a tsawatar, tare da sasanta rikicin siyasa da ke tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu da ke fada juna.
A maimakon haka, sai kawai ake yi wa lamarin kallo a matsayin "rikicin jinƙai."
Dalili muhimmi shi ne irin fahimtar da kasashen yamma suke yi wa yaƙe-yaƙe a Afirka — musamman rikice-rikicen kabilanci da kishi kan albarkatun kasa.
Ana ganin shigar kasashen duniya tsakani bashi da wani tasiri har sai wadannan "rikice-rikicen kabilanci" sun kai wani mummunan mataki.
Kafofin watsa labarai na kasashen yamma ba su cika mayar da hankali wajen yada batutuwan da suka shafi tashe-tashen hankula a Afirka ko kuma yakin duniya na uku a takaice ba, sai dai idan yanayin ya ci karo da muradunsu kai tsaye.
Irin wannan yanayin Somaliya ta fuskanta bayan bakin basasar kasar da ya samu rugujewar gwamnatin Siad Barri a shekarun 1990.
Daga baya ne kasashen yammacin duniya suka fahimci halin da ake ciki a Somaliya sakamakon hadarin da masu fashin jiragen ruwa na Somaliya suka zama babbar barazana ga hanyar kasuwanci na Tekun Indiya.
Wannan hasashe ya shafi shugabannin da ke jagorantar wadannan yaƙe-yaƙe, da a mafi yawan lokuta ake bayyana su da “Shugabannin Yaki” wadanda muradunsu suka ta'allaka kan kabilanci da siyasa da kuma son zuciya tare da raunin ikon gwamnati kan karfin soji.
A Sudan, rikicin ya fi kamari ne tsakanin Janar Abdel-Fattah Burhan, shugaban majalisar mulkin kasar sannan kwamandan rundunar dakarun sa-kai ta RSF da tsohon mataimakinsa Janar Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, wanda aka fi sani da Hamedti.
Halin da ake ciki a yanzu ya samo asali ne daga gasa da rashin yarda da ke tsakanin shugabannin biyu, wadanda suka hada kai wajen kitsa juyin mulki a shekarar 2021 kan abokan zamansu na farar hula a gwamnatin raba madafun iko.
Kutsen da dakarun Hemedti na Rapid Support Forces (RSF) suka yi cikin yankin Wad Madani, birni na uku mafi girma a Sudan mai tazarar mil 100 daga kudu maso gabashin Khartoum babban birnin kasar, ya mayar da rikicin Sudan kan gaba, ko da yake yakin da Isra'ila ke ci gaba da yi a Gaza ya lullube shi.
Sama da mutum 300,000 ne suka rasa matsugunansu, inda suka nemi mafaka a yankunan gabashin Gedaref da Sennar da White Nile, a cewar rahotanni daga kungiyoyin agaji.
Da dama daga cikinsu sun koma yankunan ne a karo na biyu bayan sun bar birnin Khartoum da kewayenta.
Mummunan yanayi
Yayin da rundunar RSF ke ci gaba da kai hare-hare, tambayoyi suna ƙara fitowa kan inda take samun goyon bayanta, musamman la'akari da zarge-zarge masu tayar da hankali da suka hada da sace-sace da cin zarafi da kuma yanayin da ake gani tamkar hare-haren ƙabilanci ne.
Yanayin yadda Sudan ke gangarawa cikin yaki, kwatankwacin halin da ake ciki a Yaman, ya yi ƙamari. A halin yanzu, kuma watakila a karon farko tun bayan barkewar rikici, da yawa daga cikin 'yan Sudan sun sami kansu suna tunanin yiwuwar rayuwa a karkashin mulkin RSF a wani yanki mai muhimmanci na Sudan.
Wannan lamari ne mai cike da ban tsoro da ba su taba hangowa ba a lokacin zanga-zangar da suke yi ta tabbatar da dimokuradiyya da adalci.
Yakin da ake fama da shi a Sudan na da yiwuwar kara tabarbarewar siyasa a yankin da ke fama da rikici.
Masar, wacce ke da kusan 'yan Sudan miliyan hudu, kuma tana da alaka mai zurfi ta al'adu da tarihi da ta shafe shekaru aru-aru, ta kasance kasa mafi tasiri a cikin wannan mawuyacin hali.
Duka, SAF da RSF akai-akai suna zargin wasu masu ruwa da tsaki na yankin da hannu sosai a yakin don tallafawa abokin hamayyarsu.
Ana ba da shawarar cewa karuwar rikicin na kwanan nan na shiga lamarin da wasu na waje ke yi ya haifar da yunƙurin da ya bai wa RSF nasara a cikin 'yan makonnin da suka gabata.
Sakamakon haka, sauye-sauyen da ake samu a Sudan na haifar da hadarin dagula alakar da ke tsakanin manyan kawayenta a yankin, wadanda kowannensu ya zabi mara wa bangarori daban-daban na rikicin baya.
Ware jiga-jigan farar hular siyasa na Sudan daga fage da kuma rashin kyakkyawan hangen nesa ga bangarorin da ke gaba da juna, yana kara barazanar barkewar yaki na har abada.
International and regional pressure to impose a settlement becomes imperative to avert further catastrophe and shape a Sudan that reflects the aspirations of its people, not the victors' distorted dreams of power.
Matsin lamba na kasa da kasa da na shiyya-shiyya na samar da sulhu ya zama wajibi don kaucewa sake afkuwar bala'o'i da samar da kasar Sudan da ke nuna muradin al'ummarta, ba wai gurbatattun mafarkan mulki na masu ƙarfi ba.
Marubucin, Omar Abdel-Razek, masanin ilimin zamantakewa ne kuma tsohon edita a sashen Larabci na BBC. Yana zaune kuma yana aiki a London.
Togaciya: Ba dole ba ne ra’ayin marubucin ya zo daidai da ra’ayi ko ka’idojin aikin jaridar TRT Afrika.
