Daga Timi Odueso
Yayin da harkokin kasuwanci a fadin duniya suke amfani da kirkirarriyar basira (AI) wajen warware matsalolinsu, hukumomi da dama sun fara yin dokoki da tsare-tsare don magance kalubalen da kirkirarriyar basira (AI) take bijiro da su.
A watan Maris din shekarar 2023, wata daya bayan ta samu masu amfani da ita da su kai mutum miliyan 100 a wata daya, fasahar kirkirarriyar basira ta ChatGPT ta fuskanci kalubalenta na farko daga hukumomi a kasar Italiya, inda suka haramta amfani da fasahar.
Ko da yake an koma amfani da fasahar ChatGPT a watan Afrilu — dalilin dakatarwar ya sake bijiro da batun rawar da gwamnati za ta taka kan batun kirkirarriyar basira (AI).
A lokacin dakatar da amafani da fasahar, hukumar da ke sanya ido tsare sirri ta İtalya ta ce Chatbot yana dibar bayanai masu amfani da shi ta hanyar da ta saba wa doka, kuma yana amfani da su don cin moriyar kansa.
Kafin kasashen Italy da China suka dauki matakin farko — a watan Fabrairun 2023 — kan yadda za a rika amfani da ChatGPT da sauran fasahohin AI don dakile yada labaran karya.
Kasashen da ke gabashin duniya — kamar Russia da Afghanistan da Iran da kuma Syria — su ma sun bi sahu, inda suka haramta aikace-aikacen kirkirarriyar basira (AI) saboda amannar da suka yi cewa hakan zai iya zama barazana ga gwamnati da kuma yada labaran karzon kurege.
Batun kirkire-kirkire a Afirka
Kasashen Afirka ma ba a bar su a baya ba. Kasashe shida zuwa yanzu ciki har da Chadi da Eritrea da Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka sun dakatar da amfani da kirkirarriyar basira (AI) saboda dalilai masu kama da wadannan.
Shakka babu, akwai dalilin da ya sa dole a nuna fargaba dangane da kirkirarriyar basira (AI) kan batun tattara bayanan sirri a nahiyar, musamman ganin cewa kasashen Afirka da dama suna fuskantar barazanar hare-haren intanet.
A shekarar 2022, akalla manyan bankuna uku ne a Afirka suka ce an kai musu hari ta intanet, inda suka ce maharan sun kwashe bayanan kwastomominsu.
Babban kantin ShopRite shi ma ya ce an sace bayanan kwastomominsa da suka kai 600GB a kasashe biyu.
Yayin da kasashe 36 cikin 54 suka yi dokoki kan tsare bayanan sirri — kuma wasu daga cikinsu sun fara aiki da dokokin — sai dai har yanzu ana nuna damuwa kan tsare bayanan sirri a bangarori da dama.
Ko da yake takaita amfani da bayanan mutane hanya daya tilo ce ta sanya ido kan fasahar AI, abin da zai fi ga Afirka shi ne nahiyar ta fara kirkire-kirkire da kanta.
Tsare-tsare
Yayin da tsare bayanan sirri ya bijiro da bukatar takaita amfani da fasahar AI a wasu yankuna, da yawa daga cikinsu suna samar da shirye-shirye da tsare-tsaren da za su taimaka wajen cin gajiyar fasahar AI yayin da ake tabbatar da cewa an bi ka'idojin da suka dace.
Kasar China wadda take da burin zama jagora a fannin fasahar kirkirarriyar basira (AI) da sauransu kuma kasar ta gabatar da wani sabon shiri mai suna New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan (AIDP) a shekarar 2017.
Shirin AIDP ya bayyana muhimmancin fasahar AI ga ci gaban kasar da kuma samar da kudin yadda za a yi amfani da AI — wasu gwamnatocin yanki biyu na kasar China sun zuba jarin dala biliyan 14 kowacce.
Wasu kasashe kamar Finland da Kanada da kuma Jamus sun samar da tsare-tsaren kan fasahar AI a kusan lokaci daya, tsare-tsaren da aka yi su sa niyyar karfafa gwiwa kirkire-kirkire a fannoni daban-daban ta amfani da AI.
A baya-bayan, Tarayyar Turai tana shirin sanya doka kan kirkirarriyar basira (AI).
Dokar za ta yi nazari kan hadarin da ke tattare da bunkasa AI yayin da a daya bangaren kuma take karfafa ci gaba bunkasa fasahar ta kyawawan manufofi.
A Afirka kasashe kalilan ne suka samar da shirye-shirye da tsare-tsaren AI.
A watan Afrilun 2023, kasashen Afirka uku kacal ne — Masar da Kenya da kuma Mauritius — su ne kadai suka samar da tsare-tsare kan AI.
An wallafa tsare-tsaren da Mauritius ta yi kan AI a shekarar 2018, tsare-tsaren sun zayyana yadda kasar take shirin magance matsalolin kudi da zamantakewa ta amfani da AI, da farfado da tattalin arzikin kasar da samar da hanyoyin ci gaban kasar.
Tsare-tsaren sun bayyana fannoni biyar da za a mayar da hankali a kai: fannin kere-kere da kiwon lafiya da kudi da aikin gona da tafiyar hada-hada a tashoshin jiragen ruwa.
Yadda AI ke aiki
An wallafa tsare-tsaren kirkirarriyar basirar (AI) na Masar a shekarar 2021, shirin yana da bnagare biyu ne: a yi amfani da AI wajen cimma manufofin ci gaba na (SDGs), da mayar da kasar Masar babbar mai ruwa da tsaki a yankin da duniya ta fuskar hadin gwiwa kan AI.
Tsare-tsaren sun mayar da hankali ne muhimman abubuwa guda hudu: AI don hukumomi da AI don ci gaba da bunkasar al'amura da kuma harkokin duniya.
Gwamnatin Kenya a daya bangaren ta mayar da hankali wajen bunkasa fasahar AI da yaduwarta.
An wallafa wani rahoto a shekarar 2019 wanda ya bayyana muhimmancin AI ta fuskar ci gaban fasaha da ci gaban kasa ta fuskar kirkire-kirkire.
Rahoton ya bayar da shawarar karin samun zuba jari ta fuskar abubuwan more rayuwa da gogewa da kuma fitar da hanyar sanya ido don kare 'yan kasa a daidai lokacin da za a bunkasa kirkire-kirkire kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.
Karin wasu kasashe — kamar Masar da Nijeriya da Ghana da Maroko da Rwanda da Afirka ta Kudu da Tunusiya da kuma Uganda — suna da shirin bunkasa fasahar AI da shigo da masu ruwa da tsaki.
Fasahar AI don warware matsaloli
Muhimmancin fasahar AI ga nahiyar abu ne da ba ya musaltuwa musamman idan aka yi la'akari da gudunmuwar da yake bayar ga tattalin arziki. Wani sabon rahoto daga kamfanin PwC ya yi hasashen cewa Afirka za ta ci gajiyar kasuwar AI kaso 10 cikin 100, kuma fasahar AI za ta samar da dala tiriliyon 15.7 na ma'aunin karfin tattalin arziki na GDP nan da shekarar 2030.
Yawancin wadannan kamfanoni — kimanin kaso 41 cikin 100 — kamfanoni ne masu tasowa kamar wani kamfanin Tunusiya mai suna Instadeep wanda ya samu dala miliyan 107 tun bayan kafa shi a shekarar 2014.
Gwamnatoci a nahiyar Afirka suna Jan kafa wajen amfani da fasahar AI. Nan zuwa shekarar 2024, za a samu akalla kaso 75 cikin 100 na gwamnatoci za su rika amfani da fasahar AI wajen warware matsaloli a akalla bangarori uku.
Misali a bangaren kiwon lafiya, hukumar kiwon lafiya ta Birtaniya (NHS) tana amfani da fasahar AI wajen bai wa masu fama da cutar Korona wadanda aka kwantar kulawar da ta dace.
Hukumar da Dakile Yaduwar Cututtuka ta Amurka (US CDC) tana amfani da AI wajen bin sahun da kai rahoton kwayoyin cutar polio.
Faransa a daya bangaren, tana amfani da AI wajen tattara haraji, tana amfani da fasahar AI wajen tattara hotunan kaddarorin da mutum bai ayyana ba.
Singapore ta kirkiri “Ask Jamie,” wata fasahar AI da ke taimakawa 'yan kasar kai wa ga hukumomin ko ma'aikatun kasar daban-daban.
Akwai wasu fannoni da dama da ake amfani da fasahar AI kamar hasashen yanayi da tsaro da yin dokoki da kuma tattara bayanai.
A zahiri yake nahiyar Afirka ta fahimci fa'idar fasahar AI, amma ya kamata gwamnatoci a nahiyar su tashi tsaye wajen ci gaban fasahar da kuma aiwatar da tsare-tsaren AI, idan suna so su kawo ci gaban kirkire-kirkire a masa'antunsu.
Marubucin, Timi Odueso, babban edita ne a kafar yada labarai ta intanet ta TechCabal.
A kula: Wannan makalar ta kunshi ra'ayin marubucin ne amma ba ra'ayin kafar yada labarai ta TRT Afrika ba ne.
