Daga
Sylvia Chebet
A wani asibitin a birnin Soa, kimanin kilomita 20 daga Yaounde, Babban Birnin Kasar, an shiga murna a lokacin da Noah Ngah wata ƴar wata shida a duniya ta zama wadda aka fara yi wa allurar rigakafin RTS,S a asibitin.
Allurar tana cikin allurorin rigakafi guda biyu sababbin da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).
Abokiyar haihuwar Noah ce ta gaba wajen karbar allurar, wadda aka sana'anta da sinadarin protein, kuma aka raba a kasashen Afirka bayan an shelanta wa duniya samar da riga-kafin a Kamaru a 22 ga watan Janairu.
"Wasu iyayen suna fargaba, amma na san riga-kafi na da kyau ga ƙananan yara," in ji mahaifiyar tagwayen mai suna Helene Akono a tattaunawarta da TRT Afrika.
Wannan nasarar da aka samu a Kamaru na samar da rigakafin ta samu yabo a duniya, inda ake bayyana ta a matsayin "wata babbar hanyar yaƙi da ɗaya daga cikin manyan cututtukan masu kashe yara a Afirka."
Yara wadanda suke kasa da shekara biyar ne suka fi fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da cutar ta Maleriya. A shekarar 2022, yara da suke tsakanin wannan shekarun kadai ne suka kwashe kusan kashi 80 na wadanda suka mutu a sanadiyar cutar, wadda ta ci mutum 580,000 a wannan tsakankanin.
Mataimakin Darakta na Hukumar Yaki da Cututtuka masu yaɗuwa na Afirka, Dokta Ahmed Ogwell ya yi amannar cewa idan aka samu isassun allurar, yin rigakafin sosai ne hanyar da ta fi dacewa wajen yaƙi da maleriya wadda ƙwayar cutar mai suna Plasmodium Falciparum ke jawowa.
"Afirka na buƙatar amfani da duk wata dama da hanyar da ta samu wajen rage cutar da rage masu kamuwa da na rage masu mutuwa saboda cutar," a tattaunawarsa da TRT Afrika.
Yadda annobar Covid ta kawo tsaiko a yaki da cutar
An fara samun nasarar yaki da cutar ta maleriya a duniya, inda aka samu raguwar cutar da kashi 29 a tsakanin shekarar 2000 zuwa 2019 kafin annobar Covid ta kawo tsaiko a bangaren kiwon lafiya a duniya baki daya.
"An samu raguwar wadanda cutar ke kashewa a duniya da kusan kashi 50 saboda karuwar hanyoyi da kayayyakin kariya da cigaban gwaje-gwaje da kuma magunguna masu inganci" in ji Farfesa Alessane Dicko na bangaren binciken Maleriya na Jami'ar Bamako ta kasar Mali.
Ba tsaikon kawai annobar ta jawo ba, sai da ma mayar da hannun agogo baya kasancewar an mayar da hankali ne wajen annobar ta Covid wadda ta tsayar da duniya cak.
An samu karuwar masu cutar maleriya miliyan 16 a tsakanin shekarar 2019 zuwa 2022, da kuma daga miliyan 233 zuwa miliyan 247, wanda ya nuna karin kashi 7.
Masana a bangaren kiwon lafiya suna fata aikin da ake yi faɗaɗa ayyukan riga-kafin zai taimaka wajen rage cutar sosai a Afirka.
An fara rigakafin ne a kasashen Kenya da Ghana da Malawi, inda aka yi wa kusan yara miliyan biyu allurar kuma ake samu nasara sosai wajen rage cututtuka masu alaka da maleriya.
Shugaban Cibiyar yaki da maleriya ta kasar Kenya wato End Malaria Council yana ganin rigakafin a matsayin hanyar da za ta kawo sauki da raguwar cutar a kasar.
"Duk da cewa riga-kafin na ceton rayuwa, ba za su zama suna da inganci 100 bisa 100 ba. Amma ko ingancin kashi 40 aka samu, ai an samu nasara, musamman a tsakankanin da cutar ta fi zafi," in ji shi.
Karuwar cutar maleriya
A kasar Kamaru, kusan kashi 30 na masu zuwa asibiti suna zuwa ne domin zazzaɓi mai alaka da maleriya, wanda ya nuna akwai cutar sosai a kasar ta Tsakiyar Afirka.
"Samun hanyoyin kare kai kamar riga-kafin ya taimaka wajen rage wa asibitoci da ma'aikatan lafiya nauyi, da rage masu mutuwa saboda cutar, " in ji Shugaban Tsare-tsare na Hukumar GAVI wadda take kula da rigakafin duniya.
A Afirka, kasashe 19 ciki har da Burkina Faso da Laberiya da Nijar da Saliyo suna shirin bin sahun Kamaru wajen fara shirin gangamin riga-kafin a kasar baki daya.
Bayan rigakafin RTS,S da kamfanin Birtaniya GSK ta hada, akwai kuma allurar R21 na Jami'ar Oxford wadda za ta shigo kasuwa nan da wani dan lokaci.
Shugaban Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ya ce samun rigakafi guda biyu zai taimaka wajen saukaka kokarin yaki da cutar, da kuma ceton rayukan miliyoyin mutane.
Karin bincike da ake tsimayi
Dokta Ogwell ya ce ana samun karuwar karbuwar rigakafi, inda ya ce da a ce tun farko an fara bincike da dabbaka binciken, da an wuce matakin da ake kai yanzu.
"Babbar nasara ce yadda aka fara hada riga-kafi domin yaki da kwayar cutar parasite, musamman ta maleriya, domin rigakafin na rage zuwa asibiti da zafafa ciwo," in ji shi.
Da yake kwatanta riga-kafin a matsayin wata babbar nasara, ya yi karin bayanin cewa fara riga-kafin a daidai lokacin da ake samun karuwar yaduwar cutar zai taimaka wajen rage ta.
Amma duk da haka, masana sun yi gargadin cewa kada a yi gaggawar daina amfani da kayayyakin kare kai irin su gidan sauro saboda samuwar rigakafin.
Farfesa Dicko ya ce akwai kalubale babba a gaban Afirka wajen kawar da cutar baki daya. "Riga-kafin da sauran kayayyakin kare kai kadai ba za su wadatar ba wajen kawar da cutar baki daya," in ji shi a tattaunawarsa da TRT Afrika.
"Akwai bukatar gwamnatocin kasashen Afirka su kara zuba kudi a bangaren binciken cutar maleriya domin samo hanyoyin rage yaduwar cutar da fatattakarta."
Masu bincike suna ta kokari a duniya baki daya wajen samar da ingantaccen riga-kafin, tare da samar da magunguna masu karfi da za su magance cutar cikin sauki.
Wane bangaren mai muhimmanci, a cewar Farfesa Dicko shi ne, "Sauya yanayin halittar sauro ta yadda za su daina yada cutar maleriya."
