Damuwa bayan haihuwa yanayi ne da mata ke yawan shiga bayan haihuwarsu ta fari/ Hoto: Reuters

Daga Lulu Sanga

Haihuwar Mary ta farko a shekarar 2021, ta zo mata da matsalar damuwa bayan haihuwa. Kafin lokacin, matar 'yar asalin Tanzaniya ta kasance mai kuzari da ba da kulawa, sannan mace ce mai son mu’amala da mutane.

Bayan ta haihu, Mary ta fara janye kanta daga shiga cikin mutane, ta daina magana da kowa sai ga kanta kadai a mafi yawan lokuta.

“Ji nake ni kadai ce, ba na son na fada wa kowa zuciyata,” ta shaida wa TRT Afirka.

Halayenta da 'yan uwanta ke cewa bakin abubuwa ne, sun jawo mata suka sosai.

“Goggona ta ce ina mata rashin kunya don na yi watsi da ita da sauran ’yan uwana. Har tana yi min shagube da cewa, ko ni ce mace ta farko da ta taba haihuwa a duniya.”

Mary ta ce babu wanda ya fahimce ta. "Na ji kadaici sosai, kuma nakan shafe sa'o'i da dama a kan wayata. Barci na yi min wuyar samu.”

Daga baya ne matar yar kimanin shekara 29 ta samu taimako daga wata kawarta wacce ita ma ta yi fama da matsalar damuwa bayan haihuwa,

Wani nau’in yanayi ne na damuwa da mace ke samu bayan ta haihu sakamokon sauyin yanayin tunaninta da wasu sinadaran jikinta na hormones.

“Kawata ce ta ba ni shawara kan na nemi taimakon likita. Har ma ta kai ni wurin likitan da ya taimaka mata ta shawo kan yanayin da ta taba shiga,” in ji Mary.

Damuwar matsin tattalin arziki da tashe-tashen hankula ta yau da kullun suna iya taka rawa wajen janyo matsalar lafiyar kwakwalwa. Hoto: Reuters

Isaac Lema, kwararre ne a fannin ilimin halayyar dan adam a Sashen Lafiya da Cututtukan da suka shafi Kwakwalwa a Asibitin Kasa na Muhimbili da ke Tanzaniya, ya ce a wasu lokuta mutane kan shiga wani yanayi na tabin hankali da “watakila ba su sani ba”.

Gano matsalar

Gwamnatoci da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da malaman addini da fitattun mutane a Afirka da sauran sassan duniya na yawan ba da shawarwari ta hanyar wayar da kan al’umma kan lafiyar kwakwalwa domin kawar da matsalar.

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta yi kiyasin cewa kusan mutume biliyan daya a duniya suna fama da wani nau'i na cutar damuwar kwakwalwa ko wani na daban inda kafin bulla cutar Covid-19 kimanin mutum miliyan 116 ne a Afirka da aka kiyasta cewa suna rayuwa da wani yanayi na matsalar lafiyar kwakwalwa.

"Kebewa daga jama'a da tsoron kamuwa da cuta da kuma mutuwa da matsalolin zamantakewar da suka shafi tattalin arziki wadanda ke da alaka da cutar COVID-19 sun ba da gudunmowar da ta kai ga kiyasta kashi 25 cikin 100 na yawan matsalolin damuwa da aka samu," in ji wani rahoton WHO a bara.

A cewar hukumar lafiya ta duniya, “daya cikin matasa bakwai na dauke da wani nau’i na matsalar da ta shafi lafiyar kwakwalwa.”

A shekarar 2019, an samu adadin mutane da dama da suka dau ransu, kashi 58 cikin 100 daga cikinsu sun fado ne tsakanin shekara 50 da haihuwa, wadanda suka yi fama da wata cuta da ta shafi matsalar tabin hankali na kwakwalwa, a cewar rahoton WHO.

WHO ta ce tasirin cutar ta Covid-19 ya kara dagula hadarin matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa. Hoto: Reuters

Hukumar ta ce yawan nuna kyama da wariya na ci gaba da kawo cikas ga yakin da ake yi da matsalar ta lafiyar kwakwalwa.

“Nuna kyawa da wariya da kuma take hakkin dan Adam sun yadu sosai a cikin al’umma da kuma wuraren kula da lafiya al'umma a ko ina, inda a wasu kasashe 20 har yanzu ke daukar yunkurin kisan kai a matsayin laifi babba,” in ji WHO.

"Yana da kyau cewa, a duk lokacin da mutum ya fara jin wani yanayi na kadaita kai, tare da nuna wasu halayya wadanda ba su dace ba, a hanzarta neman taimakon lafiyar kwakwalwa," Lema ya shaida wa TRT Afrika.

"Yanayin lafiyar tunanin dan adam shi ke iya daidaita da kuma sarrafa yanayin da yadda mutum ya tsinci kansa cikin damuwa da kuma yanayin motsin ko bugun zuciya da ire-iren ayyuka da mutum ke yi," in ji shi.

Tarihin iyali

A cewar masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam, wasu alamu da suke bayyana ko mutum na fama da cutar da ta shafi lafiyar kwakwalwa su ne, a mafi yawan lokuta za a ga mutum ya yi watsi ko nuna alamu na raini da rashin kunya da fada na ba gaira ba dalili da girman kai ko kuma gaba.

"Lokacin da wani mai tsananin buri a rayuwa ya daina, ko kuma idan mai son jama'a ya janye jiki haka kawai, ya kamata ku bincike su," in ji Lema.

Ya kuma shawarci al’umma da su kasance masu nutsuwa da mai da hankali kan maganganun da mutanen da ake ganin suna cikin damuwa ko cikin bacin rai ko kuma suke fama da wani kalubale na yawan fushi ke yi.

“Ku saurari abin da suke fada cikin nutsuwa sosai. Shin suna tunanin cewa za su cutar da kansu ne?

Ko suna tunanin daukar wani mataki na cutar da wasu ne? Ko kuma suna cikin wani tashin hankali ne na ban mamaki? Ko dai suna fuskanatar damuwa ta musamman ce? Ko suna fama da matsalar rashin barci ne?

Ko kuma idan mutum ya rasa wanda yake kauna, shin ya kan dau tsawon lokaci wajen nuna jimaminsa? Idan duk tambayoyin nan amsarsu ‘e’ ce, to akwai bukatar a kai mutum zuwa asibiti don samun kulawa ta kwakwalwa," in ji Lema.

Hukumar WHO ta ce akalla mutane biliyan daya ne ke fama da matsalar lafiyar kwakwalwa. Hoto: Reuters

Masanin ya ce cutar tabin hankali ta kwakwalwa "ba rauni ba ce." Sabanin yadda ake dauka, yanayi ne da zai iya shafar kowa, kuma kamata ya yi mutane su kasance masu neman taimako.

Lema ya bayyana cewa mutanen da aka haifa a dangin da ke da tarihin tabin hankali suna iya gadar matsalar a wani mataki na rayuwarsu.

Bayyana matsalolinku

"Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli kamar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da na abinci da basussuka da matsalolin da suka shafi dangantaka ta kusanci da sauran matsaloli da na tattalin arziki duk suna taimakawa wajen karuwar matsalar damuwa, wadda ke haifar da tabin hankali," in ji Lema.

Likitoci sun ba da shawarar cewa lokacin da aka fuskanci yanayi na damuwa, motsa jiki na taimakawa sosai wajen kawar da damuwa.

Samun cikakken hutu daga aiki ko ayyuka masu wuyar gaske da cin nau’ukan abinci masu gina jiki da magance matsaloli nan take na daga cikin matakan da mutum zai iya dauka don takaita kalubalen lafiyar kwakwalwa.

"Ka da a bari matsaloli su taru, a gaggauta neman taimako idan aka yi latti," in ji Lema.

Zurfafa sadaukar da kai ga lafiyar kwakwalwa da sake fasalin yanayin muhalli da ke tasiri ga lafiyar kwakwalwa da kuma karfafa shirye-shiryen kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa na daga cikin shawarwarin da WHO ta bai wa gwamnatoci don taimaka wa al’umma wajen yaki da matsalar tabin hankali.

TRT Afrika