Daga Abdulwasiu Hassan
Sanarwar shigar da Habasha da Masar da Argentina da Saudiyya da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) da kuma Iran kungiyar kasashen da tattalin arzikinsu yake habaka cikin sauri (BRICS) yayin babban taron kungiyar a Afirka ta Kudu, alama ce ta yadda hadin gwiwa daga bangarori mabambanta zai bunkasa tattalin arziki.
Shugaba Cyril Ramaphosa na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ya sanar da sunayen sabbin kasashe shida cikin kungiyar a matsayin mambobi daga watan Janairun 2024.
Ga Habasha, wannan ba karamin nasara ba ce shigarta kungiyar BRICS abin da Firai minista Abiy Ahmed Ali ya bayyana da "wani lokaci mai matukar muhimmanci".
"A shirye Habasha take ta yi aiki da kowa don samun ci gaban duniya," kamar yadda ya bayyana a shafin X, wato shafin sada zumunta da ake kira Twitter a baya.
Shugaba Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) shi ma ya bayyana farin cikinsa.
"Muna jinjinawa hangen nesan shugabannin kungiyar kasashe masu habbakar tattalin arziki (BRICS) kuma muna godiya kan yadda suka shigo da UAE a matsayin mamba a wannan muhimmiyar kungiya," kamar yadda ya wallafa a shafin X.
Haka zalika Iran, wacce ta bayyana shigarta kungiyar da "nasara" kan manufofinta na hulda da kasashen ketare bayan ta kwashe shekaru karkashin takunkuman da Kasashen Yamma suka kakaba mata.
Mece ce Kungiyar BRICS
Masanin tattalin arziki na bankin Goldman Sachs, Jim O'Neil, ne ya kirkiri kalmar "BRICS" a shekarar 2001 yayin da yake siffanta kasashe hudu masu tasowa masu karfin tattalin arzikin da ke habbaka, sai ya ciro harafin farko a sunan kowace kasa — Brazil (B), Rasha ( R), Indiya (I), sai kuma China ( C).
Shigowar Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 2010, ya sa an kara harafin "S" a sunan kungiyar na "BRICS".
Kasashe mambobin kungiyar sun kunshi kaso 40 cikin 100 na al'ummar duniya da kuma kaso 25 cikin 100 na tattalin arzikin duniya, kuma kokarin samar wa kansu mafita ne don kaucewa karfin ikon Kasashen Yammacin Duniya.
A shekarar 2006, ministocin harkokin kasashen wajen kasashen hudu na farko da suka kafa kungiyar sun yi wata ganawa a taron kungiyar na shekara-shekara kafin su amince da Afirka ta Kudu a matsayin mamba.
Yayin taron kungiyar na bana, duka shugabannin kasashe mambobin BRICS sun hadu a Afirka ta Kudu ban da Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin, wanda ya halarci taron ta intanet, ko da yake ministan harkokin wajen Rasha Sergey Lavrov ya halarci taron.
"Indiya ta yi amannar cewa kara mamba a cikin kungiyar zai kara karfafa kungiyar BRICS ne kuma zai kara taimaka mana wajen yin aiki tare," kamar yadda Firai Ministan Indiya Narendra Modi ya bayyana lokacin taron.
Shugaban China Xi Jinping ya bayyana kara yawan mambobin kungiyar da "abin tarihi" wanda ya nuna "aniyyar kungiyar BRICS kan hadin kai da hadin gwiwa da wasu kasashe masu tasowa".
Yayin jawabinsa a babban taron kungiyar BRICS Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ce kungiyar tana kan hanyar biya wa galibin al'ummar duniya bukatunsu.
"Muna aiki tare a kan tsarin samar da daidaito da aiki tare da mutunta muradan juna, kuma wannan ne ginshikin makomar huldarmu, wato tsarin da zai cimma burin galibin al'ummar duniya, mutanen duniya da suka fi rinjaye," in ji Putin.
Nasarori na dogon lokaci
Masu sharhi kan al'amura suna ganin fadada mambobin kungiyar zai sauya yadda take gudanar da aikinta ta fannin hada-hadar kudi a duniya.
"Wannan kungiyar yanzu za ta kara fadada da kuma karin karfin tattalin arziki (GDP)," in ji Dokta Isa Abdullahi na fannin tattalin arziki a Jami'ar Kashere da ke Nijeriya.
"Abin da wannan ke nuna shi ne za a samu sabon tsari a duniya, kuma za a samu sauyi kan yadda ake tafiyar da hada-hadar kudi a duniya."
Idan ka kalli abin ta daya fuskar za ka ga akwai kalubale babba da ke tunkarar kungiyar BRICS daga kasashen da a halin yanzu suke tafiyar da hada-hadar kudi a duniya.
"Wannan ba abu ba ne mai sauki ga kungiyar BRICS yadda ta bunkasa ta wannan hanya, za ta fuskanci kalubale daga manyan cibiyoyin kudi na duniya kamar Hukumar Bayar da Lamuni ta Duniya (IMF) da Bankin Duniya da Paris Club da London Club da sauransu," in ji Dokta Abdullahi.
Labarin mai dadi shi ne yadda kasashen suka hadu suka hada wannan hadaka ta kasashe masu habbakar tattalin arziki.
"Shigowar kasashe kamar Saudiyya ya kan zo da tarin kudi masu yawa. Haka zalika Argentina. Kungiyar za ta kara karfi kuma za ta kara arziki. Kuma za ta zama kishiya ga manyan cibiyoyin kudi da aka saba da su a duniya," in ji Dokta Abdullahi.
Kamar sauran masu lura da al'amura shi ma Sulaiman Dahiru, tsohon jakadan Nijeriya a Sudan, ya yi amannar cewa fadada mabobin BRICS an yi shi ne don ya kalubalanci manyan Kasashen Yamma da ke tafiyar tattalin arzikin duniya, musamman ma kasar Amurka.
Wannan ne abin da ya fito zahiri dangane sa bukatar kungiyar na samun karin mambobi kashashe iya gwargwado.
"China da Rasha suna fadada hulda da kasashe masu tasowa, a kokarinsu na rage tasirin karfin fada aji ta fuskar tattalin arziki da siyasa da Kasashen Yammacin Duniya suke da su musamman ma kasar Amurka," in ji Ambasada Sulaiman Dahiru.
Ya ce sabuwar kungiyar BRICS a matsayin hadakar tattalin arziki wacce mambobinta za su iya samun mabambantar ra'ayoyin siyasa. Kodayake za su iya hada kai ta fuskar tattalin arziki don kalubalantar manyan kasashen duniya.
Karin yawan mambobi, karin karfi
Bakin masana ya zo daya kan cewa ya kamata a kara shigo da kasashe cikin kungiyar tattalin arzikin kuma kasashe za su ci gaba da neman wannan dama.
"Duniya na shan wahala idan ana neman taimakon kudi kuma hakan yana jawo cikas ga ci gaba. Idan muka koma baya kadan, za mu ga yawancin kasashen da ke da cibiyoyin bayar da rancen kudi su ne kasashen da suka yi wa wasu mulkin mallaka," in ji Dokta Abdullahi.
Kamar yadda ya bayyana, kasashe suna son shiga kungiyar BRICS ne saboda samun kaso mai tsoka a harkokin hada-hadar kudinsu.
"Galibin kasashe masu tasowa za su so samun sabuwar hanyar kudin shiga. Yawancin rancen kudin da cibiyoyin kudin duniya kamar IMF da Bankin Duniya da sauransu suke bayarwa suna zuwa da ka'idoji masu yawa," in ji shi.
Misali, akwai ayyukan da su kai kudi dala biliyan biyu a Uganda da Bankin Duniya ya rike kudinsu don ya matsa wa kasar wacce take gabashin Afirka lamba ta sake nazari kan sabuwar dokar haramta neman jinsi (LGBTQ+).
Dokta Abdullahi ya ce wani dalili da zai sa kasashe masu tasowa za su so shiga kungiyar BRICS shi ne yadda suke tarihi kusan iri daya, ciki har da yadda aka yi musu mulkin mallaka. Masanin ya ce alfanun da ke tattare da shiga kungiyar BRICS za su sa kasashe masu tasowa zakuwa shiga kungiyar.
"Wadannan kasashe sun ga alfanu ta fuskar tattalin arziki da ke tattare da shiga BRICS. Kungiyar ta tattalin arziki ce amma ba ta siyasa ba, musamman ma saboda kowace kasa da ke cikinta tana bin tsarin dimokradiyya, ko dimokuradiyya rabi da rabi, ko kuma tsarin dimokuradiyya mai bin tsarin jam'iyya daya tal," in ji shi.
