Sojojin Nijar sun warware wata doka d ata haramta fataucin mutrane a kasar. / Hoto: Reuters

Daga Toby Green

A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba, gwamnatin soji ta Nijar ta warware wata doka da aka kafa kuma ta fara aiki a 2015. Dokar ta haramta fataucin 'yan gudun hijira a kasar, inda aka mayar da hankali sosai game da kai komin da ake yi a garin Agadas mai tarihi.

Tare da lokaci mai tsayi na zaman gidan yari, da ƙwace ababan hawa, da suke jiran wadanda suke jiran a gabatar da su a gaban kotu, 'yan Nijar da dama sun yi maraba da wannan mataki na cire wani tsari da manufa ta 'yan mulkin mallaka.

Wasu da dama na kallon wannan mataki na mahukuntan Nijar na da manufar matsa lamba ga Tarayyar Turai. Game da tabbatar da aiki da dokar, Tarayyar Turai ta samar da wani asusu na Yuro biliyan biyar, kuma Yuro biliyan daya ya shiga hannun Nijar a tsakanin 2015 da 2020.

Sai dai kuma, hadin kai da Tarayyar Turan ya lalace farar daya bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi wa Shugaba Mohamed Bazoum.

Wasu masu sanya idanu na jin cewa shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya zabi bin hanyar laluma ga gwamnatin sojin Nijar karkashin Janaral Abdourahmane Tchiani, a wani yunkuri na ganin an ci gaba da aiki da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijirar.

Amma kuma, yadda Nijar ta warware wannan doka ta gudun hijira, matakin tashi aiki gaba daya.

Wasu masu sanya idanu na jin cewa shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya zabi bin hanyar laluma ga gwamnatin sojin Nijar  Hoto: Reuters

Kamar yadda ake hasashe, Tarayyar Turai ta mayar da martani a fusace ga wannan sabon mataki. A watan Satumba, an gurfanar da mutane 876 da ake zargi da fatauci a gaban kotu a Nijar a karkashin dokar a tsakani 2017 da 2023. Wannan kafin sojojin su rushe dokar kenan.

Bayan wannan mataki na gwamnatin Nijar, Kwamishinan Harkokin Cikin Gida na Tarayyar Turai. Ylva Johansson ya bayyana da damuwarsu da cewa "mutane da dama z asu yi ta kokarin ketare Bahar Rum yau don isa ga Turai."

Tabbas, batun da ake muhawara kansa a Nijar, irin sa ne dai ake tababa kai a kasashen Afirka baki daya.

Martanin da Tarayyar Turai ta mayar ya bayyana nasarar dokar a baya, amma ta fuskanci suka da yawa; cewa dokar ba ta hana yin gudun hijirar ba, kuma a boye ma kara ingiza gudun hijirar rake yi, amma kuma a bayyane ta zama kamar tana yaki da hakan.

Dadin dadawa, Kadan daga masu ruwa da tsaki ne za su tattauna kan abin da masu karatu da dama za su kalla a matsayin abu mafi muhimmanci; me ya matasa da dama a yankin suke son barin 'yan uwa da dangi su jefa rayuwarsu cikin hatsari su keta sahara don isa Turai.

Yadda ake bayar da labarai kan hatsarin da ke tattare da wannan abu - kuma hasashen bai daya na bayyana da daga cikin 'yan gudun hijira biyar na mutuwa a lokacin da suke kokarin shiga Turai - me ya wannan rikici yae kara ta'azzara?

A watan Janairun 2023, gwamnatin Nijar karkashin Abdourahmane Tchiani ta sanar da sbauwar dokar yaki da fataucin mutane. Hoto: Reuters

Ba wai a Nijar ne kadai wannan matsala take da rikici ba. A Aljeriya, an ci gama da fama da matsin lambar Amurka tsawon shekaru kan cewa gwamnati 'ta murkushe' mutanen da ke safarar dan adam.

A watan Janairu, gwamnatin Aljeriya ta sanar da samar da sabuwar dokar yaki da fataucin mutane.

Ya zuwa watan Afrilu, an samu labaran cewa dubban 'yan gudun hijira na shiga saharar Nijar, sbaoda mahukuntan Aljeroya sun fatattake su karkashin sbauwar dokar.

Gaskiyar zance shi ne, ba za a iya hasashen takamaiman adadin 'yan Afirka da ke fadawa wannan hatsari ba. Shaida ta baya-bayan nan ta bayyana cewa wannan hasashe shaci fadi ne kawai.

Wani rahoto daga Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Tsaro na cewa 2023 ce shekara mafi hatsari da mutuwar mutane a kan hanyar 'yan gudun hijira ta tsakiyar Bahar Rum da suke bi don zuwa Turai.

Dadin dadawa, wani rubutu a shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya rawaito wakilin Saliyo a Geneva, Lansana Gberire na tsokaci da cewa a 2020 kadai adadin mutane da suka rasa matsugunansu ya karu da kaso 20.

Wasu bayanai masu yawa da aka samu a baya-bayan nan - daga Cibiyar Royal United Service, a wajen wani taron karawa juna sani a Manyan 'Yan Siyasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Yuli - na cewa dabarun sabon mulkin mallaka a Afirka, irin na yadda aka tunkari Covid-19, na taka babbar rawa kan halin da ake ciki a yanzu.

Mafi yawan 'yan gudun hijirar na bi ta garin Agadas. Hoto: Reuters

Cin basussukan gwamnatoci ya karu sosai a Afirka, tare da hauhawar farashi marar misaltuwa, wand aya faro cikin shekara guda ta Covid-19, sannan kuma daga baya rikicin Rasha da Yukren ya kunno kai.

Duba ga adadin mutanen da suke mutuwa a sahara da teku, kamar yadda wani gajeren shirin fim din Senegal ya bayyana karara, abin da ke faruwa ba wani abu ba ne illa balahirar bani adam - wanda shugabannin ke neman magancewa ba tare da magance matsalolin da ke janyo talauci da wannan ibtilain ba.

Shugabannin kasashen Yamma sun yi bayanai mai zafi game da magance rikicin gudun hijira. Amma kalaman da suka yi sun ta'allaka da fahimtar da suka yi wa rikicin duba ga kasashensu.

Yaki da wannan rikici na bukatar kudade daga kasashen duniya; samun amfani da yawa a kasashen Afirka, inda masu samar da kayayyaki da rarraba su a Afirka za su samu walwala ba tare da cin bashi da yawa ko neman wani taimako daga waje ba.

Rashin tabuka katabus da nuna yatsa ga wasu gwamnatoci d da mutanen wasu kasashen da ba su ci gaba ba, abu ne mara kyau da kan gado.

Akwai bukatar shugabannin Yamma su fito su bayyana gaskiya karara: magance gudun hijira na bukatar adalcin rabo da samun arziki a duniya.

Marubucin wannan makala, Toby Green Farfesa ne da ke Nazari Kan Rayuwar Kasashe Rainon Portugal kafin Mulkin Mallaka da Raya Al'adu a Jami'ar Kings College da ke Ingila.

Togaciya: Ba dole ba ne ra’ayin marubucin ya zo daidaida ra’ayi ko ka’idojin aikin jaridar TRT Afrika.

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