Daga Mazhun Idris
Ikirarin Firaiministan Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim na cewa "wasu halayya da rashin fahimta game da kabila ɗaya" na iya kawo cikas ga damar tsagaita wuta a Gaza, kuma hakan zai iya zarce yekuwar da aka saba yi a muhawarar kawo karshen nuna wariyar launin fata da kabilanci a duniya.
Kalaman da Firaiministan ya yi a ranar 11 ga watan Maris kan batun nuna goyon bayan Jamus ga Isra'ila, ga dukkan alamu ya ja hankali sosai sakamakon bayyana shi da ya yi a taron manema labarai a Berlin, a gaban shugaban gwamnatin kasar Olaf Scholz a gefensa.
Yayin da duniya ke bikin tuni da ranar yaki da wariyar launin fata ta duniya a ranar 21 ga Maris, kalaman Firayim Ministan Malaysia na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin gaskiyar da duniya mai cike da ruɗu ke bukata don yin nazari a kai.
Wannan biki ya kasance wani bangare daga cikin kalandar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a kowace shekara, tun bayan da babban taron majalisar ya amince da kudurin a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 1966.
Ko gamayar taron ƙasashen ta sami damar cika alkawuran da ta dauka a tsawon shekaru hamsin kawo yanzu?
“A wannan zamani da muke ciki a yau, ana nuna wariyar launin fata ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar manufofin da ke take damammaki,” kamar yadda Abubakar Muhammad, wani dalibi da ya kammala karatun digiri a Jami’ar Wisconsin-Madison da ke Amurka, ya shaida wa TRT Afrika.
"Kana iya ganin irin hakan a tsakanin mutane a wuraren aiki na gwamnati da hukumomi. Kamar a filayen tashi da saukar jiragen sama an kebe wurare masu kyau da tsabta don jigila zuwa kasashen turai, yayin da ake kokawa da tsofaffin jiragen sama da hanyoyin mara kyau zuwa kasashen Afirka."
Kisan kiyashi a matsayin tushe
Mummunan Kisan kiyashi da ya gudana a Sharpeville a ranar 21 ga watan Maris na, 1960, ya kasance wani tashin hankali a tarihin wariyar launin fata a kasar Afirka ta Kudu.
Wurin ya kasanace matsugunin bakar fata ne a kasar da fararen fata ‘yan tsiraru suka yi wa mulki, kuma wadanda abin ya shafa gungun mutane ne da ke gudanar da zanga-zangar lumana, amma harsashin ‘yan sanda ya rutsa da su.
An shirya zanga-zangar ne don nuna adawa kan wasu "dokoki da aka zartar", dokar da ta tilasta wa mutanen da ba farar fata ba sumun wani matsayi na musamman.
Hukumomin 'yan sanda na iya bincika waɗannan a kowane lokaci.
Gwamnatin wariyar launin fata ta yi amfani da takardar izinin shiga don takaita wuraren da bakar fata 'yan Afirka ta Kudu za su iya aiki ko zama, da kuma tafiye-tafiye.
A ci gaba da bin irin tsarin, wata kungiya mai suna Pan African Congress ta shirya yin tattaki zuwa ofishin 'yan sanda na yankin ba tare da takardar izinin shiga ba, tare da neman a kama su a wani mataki na rashin biyayya ga jama'a.
Dalilan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kaddamar da ranar don kawar da wariyar launin fata, ya biyo bayan tuni da wannan mummunan al'amari da ya faru a Afirka ta Kudu, fiye da shekaru sittin da suka gabata wanda har yanzu yana tada jijiyoyin wuya.
Yayin da duniya ta samu ci gaba, abin da ya faru a baya yana kan shafar matasa, musamman baƙaƙen fata a ko ina, kamar Muhammad, wanda ayyukan bincikensa suka fi mai da hankali akan "yanayin da suka shafi tafiye-tafiye da ƙaura baƙaƙen fata zuwa wasu ƙasashen duniya".
"Wataƙila mulkin wariyar launin fata ya daɗe da shudewa, amma har yanzu abubuwan da aka gada daga tsarin yana yin tasiri a kan al'umma. Akwai kuma batutuwa kamar jari na zamantakewa da kui daiko da samun ilimi," in ji shi.
Abubakar Muhammad ya ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata duniya ta amince da cewa "wariyar launin fata yana canzawa da lokaci".
''Akwai yiyuwar bai bayyana kamar yadda muke karanta wa a cikin littattafan tarihi game da abubuwan da suka faru kafin a samar da manyan gyare-gyare ba- alal misali lokacin yunƙurin neman yancin jama'a a Amurka, ko lokacin bauta da mulkin mallaka," kamar yadda ya shaida wa TRT Afrika.
Ma'anar nuna wariya
Dangane da bikin tunawa da kisan kiyashin da ya faru a Sharpeville, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta daura damarar jawo hankali ga gwagwarmayar dakile duk wani nau'in wariyar launin fata a duniya tare da karfafa juriya da yakin da ake yi kan wariya.
A yanzu haka, Yarjejeniya ta Duniya kan kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna wariyar launin fata wani kuduri ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka kaddamar a ranar 21 ga Disamba, shekarar 1965.
Sannan ya fara aiki ne a ranar 4 ga Janairu, 1969.
Mataki na daya na yarjejeniyar MaDD ya bayyana wariyar launin fata a matsayin "kowane bambanci ko wariya ko takurawa ko nuna fifiko game da kabila ko launi, ko zuriya, ko asalin ƙasa ko kuma harshe."
Sai dai kamar yadda Muhammad ya bayyana, ana fuskantar wariyar launin fata a kowace rana, kai- tsaye tsakayin al'umma ko a hukumance, har ma a cikin manyan biranen da ake gannin a akwai wayewa.
"A cikin jiragen kasa da motar bas, mutane kan duba inda za su samu wani mai irin launin fata ɗaya da su. Sai su je su zauna kusa da su," in ji shi.
Matashin mai binciken ya kuma kafa hujjar cewa irin wannan kabilanci na nuna wariya abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare, saboda mutane sukan taru kusa da irinsu ko kuma kusa da mutanen da suka fi kama da su.
Wani abu da 'yan kasashen Afirka suke yawan fuskanta a wasu lokutan shi ne idan suka kira layin wayar masu aiki hidimar jama'a, kuma wanda ya dauki kiran ya ce baya jinsu, to mafi akasarin lokuta ya gane lafazin muryarsu ne kuma ya yanke hukunci a kan aikin da ya kamata ya yi musu.
Siyasar fasfo
Akwai nau'ika masu dangantaka da launin fata, mai kyau ko mara kyau, wani nau'i da ya yi fice wajen nuna wariyar launin fata na yawan faruwa ne a lokutan balaguro zuwa kasashen waje ko kuma yadda ake bayyana matafiya na ƙasashe daban-daban da kuma yanda ake kula da su.
Manufar "ikon fasfo", wanda ke samar da sauƙin wuce wa a kan iyakokin kasa da kasa, ya dogara ne akan siyasa. Wannan tsarin nuna wariyar bizar yana da alaƙa da yanda ake rarraba alƙaluma na ƙasashen duniya.
A filayen tashin jirgin sama, fasinjoji masu launin sau tari dama sukan ba da rahoton cewa ana nuna musu wariya wajen tsayar da su da kuma yi musu bincike da ya wuce ƙima da ka'idojin tsaro.
Jigon yarjejeniyar MDD shi ne "dukkan ƴan adam daya suke a gaban doka kuma suna da damar samun kariya daidai da abin da doka ta tsara daga duk wani wariya da wani nau'i da ka iya tunzura wariya".
Adalci na launin fata
A cewar Muhammad, ana iya tantance rashin adalci na nuna wariya ta yadda al'umma ke tafiyar da harkokinsu. Musamman ma, yadda tsarin shari'a ke aiki a matakin ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ya kamata ya kasance daidai da kowane launin fata.
Bai kamata a samu wariya a tsarin siyasa na duniya ko a tattalin arziki da aikin ƙwadago da yanayi da dai sauransu,Kazalika akwai manyan alamomi da ke nuna bambancin launin fata a cikin yadda ake magance rikice-rikice a yankuna daban-daban na duniya.
"Tashe-tashen hankulan da ke faruwa a Haiti da Sudan da Ukraine, da kuma yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, inda daruruwan mutane ke mutuwa a kullum, na da alaka da kabilanci da nuna wariya da ke taka rawa a fagen duniya, koda kuwa mutane ba sa son danganta wannan alakar." a cewar Muhammad.
Domin tabbatar da hakan, idan har makasudin Ranar Kawar da Wariyar launin fata ta duniya shine don sauƙaƙe daidaito, da 'yancin ɗan'adam da samare da 'yanci na asali - ba tare da la'akari da launin fatar mutane ba - to ba shakka babu wata hanya ta za ta wuce a dage wajen cimma wannan manufa.
