Hankulan mutane sun tashi a babban birnin gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, inda ‘yan tawayen M23 ke ci gaba da kutsawa kusa da Goma bayan sun ƙwace wani gari da ke kusa da shi yayin fafatawa da sojin ƙasar.
An ji ƙarar fashewar bama-bamai a wajen birnin ranar Alhamis kuma an kawo ɗaruruwan fararen-hula da suka ji raunuka babban asibiti daga fagen daga.
Ƙungiyar ‘yan tawayen ta kutsa sosai cikin ‘yan makwannin nan, inda take matsawa kusa da Goma, wanda ke da kimanin mutum miliyan biyu kuma ya kasance matattara ta jami'an tsaro da masu ayyukan jinƙai.
Ranar Alhamis, ‘yan tawayen sun ƙwace Sake, wani gari da ke da nisan kilomita 27 daga Goma kuma ɗaya daga cikin sauran muhimman hanyoyin shiga babban birnin na lardin da ke ƙarƙashin ikon gwamnati, in ji babban jami’in Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.
Ƙungiyar M23 ɗaya ce daga cikin kimanin ƙungiyoyi 120 da suke neman iko a gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo mai arziki, a kusa da kan iyakar ƙasar da Rwanda, a wani rikicin da aka shafe gomman shekaru ana yi wanda ya haddasa matsalar jinƙai mafi girma a duniya.
Rikicin ya raba fiye da mutum miliyan 7 da muhallinsu. Daga farkon wannan watan, ƙungiyar M23 ta ƙwace garuruwan Minova da Katale da kuma Masisi, a yammacin Goma.
"Mutanen Goma sun sha wahala sosai, kamar sauran ‘yan ƙasar Kongo," in ji wani mai magana da yawun ƙungiyar M23, Lawrence Kanyuka, a shafinsa na X. "M23 na kan hanyarta ta ‘yanta su, kuma dole su shirya domin tarbar wannan ‘yancin."
Yayin da labarin yaƙin ke yaɗuwa, makarantu a Goma sun tura ɗalibai gida da safiyar Alhamis.
"An sanar da mu cewa maƙiya na son shiga birnin. Shi ya sa muka ce musu su koma gida," in ji Hassan Kambale, wani ɗalibin babbar makarantar sakandare.
Motoci masu sulke na dakarun tsaron ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu (SANDF) cikin jami'an kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a Kongo sun nufi hanyar da ta shiga garin Sake, da ke da nisan kilomita 25 daga arewa maso yammacin Goma ranar 23 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2025.
Rwanda ta musanta zargin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo
Kinshasa da Amurka da kuma ƙwararru na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya sun zargi Rwanda da mara baya ga ƙungiyar M23, wadda yawancin ‘yan ƙungiyar ‘yan ƙabilar Tutsi ne da suka ɓalle daga rundunar sojin ƙasar fiye da shekara goma da suka wuce.
Gwamnatin Rwanda da musanta zargin, amma a shekarar da ta gabata ta yarda cewa tana da dakaru da makamai masu linzami a gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo domin tabbatar da tsaron ƙasarta, tana mai ishara ga taruwar sojojin Kongo a kusa da kan iyakarta. Ƙwararrun Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya sun yi kiyasin cewa akwai kimanin dakarun Rwanda 4,000 a gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimkuraɗiyyar Kongo.
Ranar Laraba, Ministan Sadarwar Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, Patrick Muyaya, ya shaida wa gidan talabijin na Faransa France 24 cewa yaƙi da Rwanda “wani zaɓi ne da za a iya tunani a kai.”
Ranar Alhamis, Sakataren Janar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya Antonio Guterres ya yi “kakkausar” suka kan sabbin hare-haren da ƙungiyar M23 ta ƙaddamar ciki har da ƙwace Sake.
"Wannan farmaƙin na da mummunan tasiri kan fararen-hula kuma zai ƙara barazanar yaƙi mai yawa a yankin," in ji sanarwar Guterres. Ya kuma nemi dukkan ɓangarorin su mutunta ‘yan dan'adam da kuma dokoki na ƙasa-da-ƙasa."
'Mun tsere, amma wasu ba su tsere ba'
Ofishin jakadancin Amurka a Kinshasa, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo, a wata sanarwa ya yi gargaɗi game da “daɗa ƙamarin rikici kusa da Sake" kuma ya shawarci ‘yan Amurka a lardin Arewacin Kivu wanda ya haɗa da Goma, su kasance cikin shirin ko-ta-kwana kan yiwuwar barin gidajensu cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci.
Ita ma Birtaniya ta fitar da shawara game da tafiye-tafiye wadda ta ce a halin yanzu M23 ce take iko da Sake kuma ta nemi ‘yan Birtaniya su bar Goma tun hanyoyi na buɗe.
Da yawa daga cikin mazauna Sake sun bi sahun mutum fiye da 178,000 da suka tsere daga kutsawar M23 cikin makonnin biyun da suka wuce.
Asibitin CBCA Ndosho da ke Goma ya cika maƙil da jama'a inda ya karɓi ɗaruruwan waɗanda suka ji rauni ranar Alhamis.
Dubban mutane ne suka tsere daga yaƙin ta kwale-kwale ranar Laraba, inda suka yi arewa ta tafkin Lake Kivu.
Neema Matondo ta ce ta tsere daga Sake a cikin dare, lokacin da bama-bamai suka fara fashewa. Ta ce ta ga mutane a mace a kan hanya.
"Mun tsere, amma sauran mutane ba su tsira ba," a cewar Matondo a hira da kamfanin dillancin labaran AP.
Mariam Nasibu, wadda ta tsere daga da ‘ya’yanta uku, ta kasance cikin hawaye — ɗaya daga cikin ‘yayanta ta rasa ƙafa ɗaya sakamakon fashewar bama-bamai.
Dakarun kiyaye zaman lafiya na MƊD da aka fi sani da MONUSCO suna da sansani a Goma amma babu tabbacin yadda za su yi idan birnin ya faɗa hannun M23.
Babu wata matsala a hanyar Goma
A farkon wannan watan, mayaƙan M23 sun ƙwace Masisi, hedkwatar ƙaramar hukumar Masisi a lardin North Kivu wadda ke nisan kilomita 80 da arewa maso yammacin Goma kuma yana da kimanin mutane 40,000.
Yaƙin da ya fi kusa da Goma na da nisan kilomita 10.
Ƙungiyar mayaƙan ta karɓe iko da tsaunukan da ke kusa da Goma cikin shekaru biyun da suka wuce kuma tana barazanar kassara tattalin arzikin birnin ta hanyar ƙwace tashar jiragen ruwan Minova da ke yammaci.
FARDC da kuma mayaƙan da ke mara wa sojin baya sun kafa layukan tsaro a kewayen birnin.
Sai dai masu nazari suna shakkar cewa waɗannan dakarun za su iya taɓuka wani abu idan aka far wa birnin.
A watan Disamba, an soke wata tattaunawa tsakanin shugaban Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo Felix Tshisekedi da shugaban Rwandan Paul Kagame, a matsayin wata sasantawa da ƙasar Angola ke jagoranta.
A wannan matakin, "babu abin da zai hana ‘yan M23 da Rwanda ƙoƙarin ƙwace Goma," kamar yadda Reagan Miviri, wani mai bincike a cibiyar bincike Ebuteli ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labaran AFP.
A ranar Alhamis Kagame ya je Ankara, inda shugaban Turkiyya Recep Tayyip Erdogan ya yi tayin taimakon ƙasarsa "da ke da muhimmanci wajen warware wannan matsalar lamarin da zai ba da gudunmawa wajen tabbatar da zaman lafiya a yankin idan ɓangarorin biyu suna son hakan."
Gabashin Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo na da ma’adinai masu yawa kuma wuri ne mai mayaƙa masu hamayya da juna tun lokacin da aka soma yaƙi a yankin a shekarun 1990.
