Daga Awa Cheikh Faye
Bayyanar rukunin sojojin haya na Rasha, mai suna Wagner Group a Afirka, yana janyo tambayoyi da damuwa tsakanin kungiyoyin kasa-da-kasa, da gwamnatocin Afirka da manyan kasashen duniya.
Ana zargin Wagner da aiwatar da haramtattun ayyuka, da keta hakkin dan Adam, da rusa zaman lafiya a kasashen Afirka.
Amma, me Wagner ke yi a kasashen Afirka renon Faransa, wanda yake da tasiri ga siyasa da tattalin arziki da kuma tsaron yankin?
Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, wadda ke yankin tsakiyar nahiyar, kuma wadda ba ta da gabar ruwa, a yanzu tana cikin mugun rikici.
Hassan Koné wanda ke Cibiyar Nazarin Tsaro ta ISS Africa ya fada wa TRT Afrika cewa, “Abin ya fi kama da rikicin cikin gida, wadda matsalar al'umma ce da hukumomin kasar suka kasa magancewa.
"Sojojin Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya sun rasa ikon tunkarar rikicin. Da fari, wannan shi ya sa Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta nemi abokanta su taimaka mata wajen bayar da makamai ga rundunar sojin kasar, wato FACA.”
Ya kara da cewa, “Taimako ne bai zo ba. Kuma bukatar fadada kawance ita ce dalilin da ya tilasta Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya neman taimakon Rasha”.
Tun shekarar 2013, Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya ta kasance cikin takunkumin sayen makamai wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kakaba mata.
Wannan ya hada da haramta mata karbar makamai da alburusai da motocin yaki da kayan aikin soji.
Dr. Moumouny Camara, malami kan fannin kimiyyar sadarwa a Jami’ar Cheikh Anta Diop da ke Dakar, ya ce, “Bayyanar Wagner a yankin ya dace da lokacin tabarbarewar tasirin Faransa a yankin.
“Taimako ne bai zo ba. Kuma bukatar fadada kawance ita ce dalilin da ya tilasta Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya neman taimakon Rasha”.
"Hakan ya fito fili ne ta sakamakon mabambantan ra’ayoyi da aka samu game da ayyukan soji a nahiyar. A saboda haka, al’ummomin yankin musamman matasa, sun daina aminta da Faransa."
Masanin tsaro, Hassan Koné ya yi imanin cewa abokiyar nahiyar Afirka da aka saba, wato Faransa, “ba ta mai da martani kan matsalar tsaro da ke damun kasashen Afirka ba”.
Zargin keta hakkin dan Adam
Sojojin haya na Wagner Group sun ci gaba da taka babbar rawa wajen horar da sojojin Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, da kuma shirya musu ayyukansu.
Suna aiki ba a karkashin umarnin sojojin gwamnati ba, cikin akalla kashi 50 na rikice-rikicen da suka shafi siyasa, tun watan Mayun 2021, idan ka cire watan Oktoba da Afrilu da Yuni na shekarar 2021.
Wadannan bayanai, kungiyar da ke tattara bayanai da kididdiga kan rikice-rikice (ACLED) ne ta tara shi.
ACLED wata kungiya ce da ke tattara bayanai da nazarce-nazarce da taswirori da aka rairayo.
Anicet Kyancem, mamba a kungiyar kare al'umma ta Jamhuriyyar Tsakiyar Afirka, ya sanar da TRT Afrika cewa, Sojojin Faransa da suka shiga kai tallafi a Sangaris, an ambaci sunansu a rahoton Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan cin zarafin yara a Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya a 2014.
Bayan dawowarsa daga aikin soji na kwana 10 a Mali, Alioune Tine, wanda kwararre ne kan hakkin dan Adam a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ya zargi sojojin haya na Wagner da aikin ta’addanci kan mazauna yankin.
A wani rahoto da aka wallafa a shafin intanet na ACLED, an ambaci cewa “akwai kusan fararen hula 480 da suka mutu, wadanda ake dangantawa da ayyukan soji da mayakan hayar Wagner da sojojin Mali”.
Duk da cewa gwamnatin Mali ba ta taba ayyana amincewa ko tana da alaka ko hadin gwiwa da Wagner Group ba, akwai adadin rahotannin bincike da suka nuna hannun Wagner cikin keta hakkin dan Adam a Mali.
Sai dai Malin ta karyata wadannan zarge-zarge gaba dayansu. Kuma ta yi watsi da zargin tana da alaka da Wagner Group.
Hare-haren tattalin arziki da diflomasiyya
Wagner Group ya kasance yana aiki a Jamhuriyyar Afirka ta Tsakiya tun shekarar 2018, biyo bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tsakanin kasar da gwamnatin Rasha. Sai dai ita Rasha ta sha musanta alaka da Wagner Group.
Dr Moumouny Camara ya yi amanna cewa ko da a hukumance ko sabanin haka, zargin alakanta Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Rasha yana nuni kan wata nasara ga gwamnatin Rasha. Ya ce, “Duk abin ya ta’allaka ne kan bude kasuwannin nahiyar Afirka ga kamfanonin Rasha.”
Tabbas, gwamnatin Rasha ba ta boye burinta na “sake mamaye” kasuwannin Afirka.
A shekarar 2019, taron kolin Afirka da Rasha ya hada shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin tare da shugabannin Afirka 40, don tattaunawa kan hadin-gwiwa, musamman game da kasuwanci.
Duk da cewa dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin Rasha da Afirka har yanzu ba ta da karfi, gwamnatin Rasha tana zuba jari fiye da da, a harkar tsaro da siyasa.
A birnin Bangui, akwai alamun cewa taimakon da Wagner Group ke bayarwa wajen yakar kungiyoyin ‘yan bindiga yana da nasa illolin.
Kyancem ya ce, “Ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan kasar tana cike da ma’adanai da suke janyo hankalin Rasha. Akwai wuraren hakar ma’adanai a ko ina.
"Kuma Wagner Group suna nan inda ake da kungiyoyin ‘yan bindiga suke wasoson arzikin kasar, musamman zinare da lu’ulu’u.
"Idan wannan shi ne abin da za mu sadaukar don samun tsaron kasa, to kuwa ya cancanci mu yi hakan.”
“Bayyanar Wagner a yankin ya dace da lokacin tabarbarewar tasirin Faransa a yankin.
Batu ne na bambancin fahimta
Rade-radin cewa akwai Wagner Group a Burkina Faso ya watsu tsawon lokaci kafin a karyata shi. Gwamnatin kasar ta bayyana a fili cewa ba ta da hadin gwiwa da kowa.
Burkina Faso tana neman yakar ta’addanci a iyakokinta, duk da ba ta kawar da yiwuwar neman wasu “hanyoyin” yakar ta’addanci daga wasu kawayenta ba.
Daga bayanin Kyancem, tsaron al’ummar da kuma ‘yancinsu na yin al’amuran rayuwa shi ne ya rinjayi sauran batutuwan.
Ya fada cewa, “A matsayina na dan kasa, ina son na yi yawo na je kauyenmu, na ga mutane suna gonaki. Kauyenmu talakawa ne, amma muna bukatar ‘yancin walwala.
"Idan Wagner Group zai iya samar da wannan ‘yanci na walwala, to a je a hakan. Wannan shi ne abin da ya fi komai muhimmanci.”
Masanin tsaro, Hassan Koné ya yi imanin cewa samun damar mallakar makamai masu inganci shi ne ya yi tasiri kan dangantaka tsakanin kasashen Afirka da sauran kawayensu.
Ya kara da cewa, “Sabbin kawayen Afirka kamar Rasha da China da Turkiyya da Brazil suna sayar wa kasashen Afirka makamai, su kuma kawo musu cikin sauki, kuma a farashi mai rahusa, kuma ba tare da wani tarnaki ba irin wanda Kasashen Yamma suke kakabawa.”
Koné ya ba da shawarar karfafawa da inganta sojojin kasashen, ta hanyar saka kudi da samar da kayan aiki, da bayar da horo ga rundunonin tsaron kasa, maimakon dogara kan kasashen waje su yi wannan aiki mai muhimmanci.
Ya ce, “Nemo tsaro daga waje ba abu ne mai dorewa ba. Amfani da sojojin haya yana kazanta yanayin rashin tabbas, da rikice-rikice da rashin zaman lafiya”.
