Daga Abdulwasiu Hassan
Tun ranar 28 ga watan Janairu ‘yar manuniya ta nuna cewa Ƙungiyar Raya Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma (ECOWAS) ta fara fuskantar matsala, a lokacin a gwamnatocin ƙasashen Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar suka sanar da janyewarsu daga cikinta.
Lamarin da wannan ɓaraka ta haifar ita ce samar da wata kungiya mai kama da ECOWAS ta jihohin Sahel wadda a halin yanzu take daf da rusa tushen ECOWAS da kuma yin tasiri ga zaman lafiyar yankin.
Kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar ya wuce kawai a ce batu ne na ɓallewar wasu daga cikin mambobin da aka kafa ECOWAS tun shekarar 1975 ba ne.
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin ECOWAS da ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka ukun da ke ƙarƙashin mulkin soja ta taɓarɓare a bara, bayan da sojoji bisa jagorancin Janar Abdourahamane Tchiani suka hamɓarar da Shugaban Ƙasa Mohamed Bazoum a wani juyin mulki.
Jim kaɗan bayan juyin mulkin ne sai ECOWAS ta ƙaƙaba wa Nijar takunkumai tare da gargaɗin cewa za ta yi amfani da ƙarfin soja wajen shiga lamarin idan har ba a mayar da Bazoum kan mulki ba.
Nan da nan sai shugabannin mulkin soji na Mali da Burkina Faso, waɗanda su ma suka ƙwace mulki ta hanyar juyin mulki suka yi gaggawar kai wa gwamnatin sojin Nijar agaji.
Ƙasashen uku sun haɗa kai wajen zargar Faransa da yin amfani da ECOWAS wajen cimma muradunta. A farkon shekarar 2024 sau suka fara shawarar janyewa daga ƙungiyar mai shekara 49.
ECOWAS ta yi ƙoƙarin shawo kan rikicin ta hanyar ɗage takunkuman da ta sanya wa Nijar da kuma ƙoƙarin janyo hankalin ƙasashen uku da suka ɓalle don su koma ƙungiyar.
Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso sun ƙaurace wa taron ECOWAS da aka yi a ranar 7 ga watan Yuli a hedikwatarta da ke Abuja, babban birnin Nijeriya, a matakin da suka ɗauka kwana guda kafin taron inda suka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar ƙirƙirar Ƙawancen Ƙasashen Yankin Sahel wato L'Alliance des États du Sahel (AES).
Shugaban hukumar ECOWAS, Omar Touray ya bayyana rashin jin daɗinsa kan ƙin shiga ƙungiyar da Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar suka yi.
Matsaloli
Yayin da shugabannin kawancen ƙasashen yankin Sahel ke bayyana matakin nasu a matsayin wani mataki da aka dauka domin maslahar al'ummarsu, wasu manazarta na ganin akasin haka.
Shugaban gwamnatin sojin Burkina Faso, Ibrahim Traore, ya ce matakin da shi da takwarorinsa na mulkin sojan sauran kasashen suka dauka zai kafa harsashin samun ‘yancin kai na gaskiya, da zaman lafiya, da ci gaba mai ‘ɗorewa’ a kasashensu.
Traore ya ce "Yankin AES yana da damar da za a iya amfani da ita yadda ya kamata, idan aka yi amfani da ita yadda ya kamata, zai tabbatar da kyakkyawar makoma ga al'ummar Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso," in ji Traore.
Sai dai wasu na ganin cewa shugabannin sojojin ba su da hurumin da ya rataya a wuyansu na daukar wani mataki mai tsauri kamar fitar da kasashen uku daga ECOWAS.
Sulaiman Dahiru, wani jami’in diflomasiyya mai ritaya daga Nijeriya na daya daga cikin masu wannan ra’ayi. Tsohon jakadan na Nijeriya yana kallon shugabannin sojojin Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar suna nuna kansu a matsayin masu aƙida amma ba masu gaskiya ba.
"Suna jefa jama'arsu cikin ruɗani na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da siyasa," kamar yadda ya shaida wa TRT Afrika. Sai dai kuma jama'a daga ko wane bangare na rarrabuwar kawuna sun amince cewa wannan rikici zai yi tasiri matuƙa.
Yayin da masu fafutuka na kungiyar AES ke ganin rikicin ya gurgunta kungiyar ta ECOWAS, wadanda ke cikin kungiyar ECOWAS na fatan kasashen ukun za su sake tunani ko ba dade ko ba jima.
Yanayin tsaro
Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ake la’akari da shi a cikin wannan rikici a yankin shi ne batun tsaron jama’a, wanda shugabannin bangarorin biyu ke ikirarin bai wa fifiko.
Ko a lokacin da kasashen yankin ke dunkule a karkashin kungiyar ECOWAS, sun yi ta kokarin shawo kan hadurran da ke tattare da ‘yan fashi da masu tayar da kayar baya a yankin.
A cewar masu sharhi, ƙaruwar giɓin da ke tsakanin kungiyar kasashen yankin da kasashen da ke ɓallewa daga cikinta zai ƙara ƙarfafa ‘yan fashi da masu ta da ƙayar baya da suka riga suka yi ɓarna a yankin.
Idan har akwai wani dalilin da zai sa a rai da gyaruwar abubuwa, da alama kasashen yankin za su yi amfani da karfinsu wajen ceto ECOWAS tare da kare muradunsu na bai daya.
“Idan sauran mambobin ECOWAS za su iya tattara dukiyarsu tare da tara sojoji don tunkarar wannan mawuyacin hali, ana iya samun wani sakamakon mai kyau,” in ji Dahiru.
"Matsalar ita ce yawancin wadannan kasashe suna da matsalolin kudi da za su iya fuskanta." Wani abin la’akarin kuma shi ne ɓallewar za ta kawo cikas ga harkokin kasuwanci a kasashen da ba ruwansu kamar Nijar da Mali saboda dogaro da kasashen kungiyar ECOWAS wajen jigilar kayayyaki ta ruwa.
“Wadannan kasashe za su sha wahala, tuni Nijar ta samu matsala wajen jigilar man ta ta kasar Benin,” Ambasada Dahiru ya bayyana.
Kungiyar ECOWAS ta umarci Shugaba Bassirou Diomaye Faye na Senegal da takwaransa na Togo Faure Gnassingbé da su shawo kan shugabannin sojojin Mali da Burkina Faso da Nijar su koma kungiyar ta ECOWAS.
Yayin da babu wanda ke ya san lokacin da za a kawo karshen takun-saƙar, shekarar da ta gabata ta nuna cewa ɗaukar diflomasiyya kawai ba za su isa a magance ta ba.
