Daga Mazhun Idris
Ibrahim Maman, mai shekaru 37, yana cikin wani shagon kayan masarufi a garin Damagaram ranar 26 ga Yulin bara, lokacin da ya ji raɗe-raɗin cewa sojoji sun ƙwace mulki daga tsohon shugaban ƙasa Mohamed Bazoum a birnin Niamey, da ke da nisan kilomita 950.
"Ina tuna cewa ranar Laraba ce," in ji Ibrahim, wanda ɗan jarida ne mai zaman kansa da ke da shafin wallafa labarai.
"Na yanke shawarar na nemi sahihancin labarin a intanet, sai na ci karo da labarai daban-daban game da juyin mulkin. Abin da ya zo zuciyata shi ne kawai labarin ƙanzon-kurege ne."
Daga ƙarshe Ibrahim ya samu tabbacin labarin bayan ganin gidan talabijin na ƙasa ya sanar da cewa tabbas sojoji sun kifar da gwamnati a Nijar.
A nan ne ya tuno da shekaru 13 baya, wato ranar 18 ga Fabrairun 2010 – lokacin da Nijar ta fuskanci juyin mulki, sai Ibrahim ya yi jim a ransa.
Shekara ɗaya bayan nan, tararrabin da ya cika zuciyarsa ya fara nuna alamun gushewa, bayan ganin yadda ake samun sauyi a salon mulkin zaɓaɓɓiyar gwamnati zuwa mulkin soji.
Matsalolin yanki
Nijar ƙasa ce da ke Yammacin Afirka, wadda ke da al'umma da ta haura miliyan 25, mafi rinjayensu Musulmi ne. Ƙasar ta samu 'yancin-kai daga mulkin mallakar Faransa a shekarar 1960.
Kasancewar Nijar ƙasar da ke cikin ƙasashen yankin Sahel, faɗinsa ya dangana da kudancin hamadar Sahara.
Ƙasar na amfani da harshen Faransanci a hukumance, kuma tana da mabambantan ƙabilu da tarihi ya nuna akwai ƙalubalai wajen shugabantar ta, saboda girmanta da kusancinta da ƙasashe da dama.
Bugu da ƙari, Nijar ce ƙasar da ta fi kowace ƙasa yawan haihuwa a duniya, inda mace guda takan haifi yara kusan bakwai a ƙiyasin shekarar 2022.
Mafi girman ƙalubalen da ke fuskantar ƙasar su ne ƙungiyoyin masu aikata laifuka, musamman masu safarar 'yan gudun hijira, da ƙungiyoyin ta'adda.
Manyan dalilan da sojoji suka bayar na kifar da gwamnatin tsohon shugaba Bazoum, su ne kaucewa ƙazancewar matsalolin tattalin arziƙi da taɓarɓarewar tsaron ƙasa, wanda suka gagari gwamnatocin baya magancewa.
Ibrahim ya amsa tambaya kai-tsaye, game da ko yana ganin an samu cigaba a harkar tsaro da tattalin arziƙi ko ba a samu ba, ƙarƙashin mulkin soji. Ya ba da amsar da yake ganin ita ce zahiri, cewa: "an samu cigaba kuma akwai buƙatar ƙari".
Sauyin tunani
Gwamnatin sojin Nijar tana nuna alamun samun ƙarin masoya tsakanin al'ummar ƙasar, yayin da take sauya alaƙarta da manyan ƙasashen duniya, daga Yammaci zuwa Gabashi. Gwamnatin tuni ta ƙulla dangantaka da sabbin abokai, wato ƙasashen Rasha, China, da Turkiyya.
Duk da tsoron wariya daga ƙasashen Yamma irinsu Faransa da Amurka, gwamnatin sojin ta zaɓi soke yarjejeniyar haɗin kan soji da ta ayyukan cigaba tare da ƙasashen Yamma da cibiyoyinsu, wanda ya janyo raguwar tallafin ƙasashen waje ga Nijar.
Gamayyar sojin da ke mulki, wadda ake kira da CNSP, ta kuma sallami dakarun Faransa da na Amurka, baya ga rufe sansanin sojin Amurka na jirage marasa matuƙa.
A watan Yuni, gwamnatin sojin ta soke lasisin aiki na kamfanin Faransa mai aikin haƙar Uranium, wato Orano, wanda ke aiki a wurin haƙar ma'adanin uranium mafi girma a duniya da ke Imouraren.
Kwanaki bayan nan, gwamnatin ta sanar da cewa mahaƙar da ke garin Imouraren a yanzu ta dawo "ƙarƙashin ikon al'ummar ƙasar".
Wannan mataki na gwamnatin ya zamo babban abin da ke haifar da sabon salon kishin ƙasa tsakanin al'ummar ƙasar.
"Zan iya cewa an samu cigaba ƙarƙashin gwamnatin CNSP da jagorancin Janar Abdourahamane Tchiani cikin shekarar da ta gabata, musamman a ɓangaren samun 'yanci daga danniyar Faransa a fannin tsaro," Ibrahim ya faɗa wa TRT Afrika.
Tsohuwar gwanatin farar hula ta rattaba hannu kan yarjejniyar tsaro tare da ƙasashen Yamma, wadda ba ta haifar da wani cigaban a zo a gani ba. Wannan shi yake ƙarawa gwamnatin sojin karɓuwa.
"Mene ya sanya muke da sansanonin sojin ƙasashen waje a ƙasarmu? Mene ya sa ba sa kare mu daga 'yan bindiga, da masu safarar makamai, da masu safarar ƙwaya?"
Waɗannan suna cikin tambayoyin da ke zukatan jama'a a Nijar, wadda ke fama da hare-haren 'yan ta'addan al-Qaeda, ISIS , da Boko Haram daga maƙociyarta Nijeriya.
Lokacin samun cigaba
Nijar ba ta buƙatar rikice-rikice, kasancewar tattalin arziƙinta yana da ƙaranci kuma ba shi da wadatuwar tushen arziƙi, wanda ya janyo dogaronsa kan harkokin noma wanda ya kai kashi 40% na ma'aunin GDP ɗinta, a cewar bayanan Bankin Duniya.
A 2023, yawan matsanancin talauci a Nijar ya kai kashi 52% cikin 100, wanda ya shafi mutane miliyan 14.1.
Shekaru biyu kafin nan, a karon farko Nijar ta samu sauyi tsakanin gwamnatocin farar hula, cikin shekaru hamsin, lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da Bazoum a matsayin shugaban ƙasa bayan kammala wa'adi biyu na shugaba Mahamadou Issoufou.
Juyin mulkin ranar 26 ga Yulin 2023 a Nijar, wanda dakarun tsaron fadar shugaban ƙasa suka yi, ya samu suka daga ƙasashen waje, amma sai aka ga hotunan jerin gwanon mutane a Niamey suna shewa ga sojojin da suka kifar da gwamnati.
Bayan ganin juyin mulki a Mali da Burkina Faso, ƙasashen Yamma sun so su mayar da hankali kan amfani da Nijar a matsayin abokiyarsu a yankin, don cigaba da iƙirarin yaƙi da ta'addanci da na 'yan jihadi.
Idan muka dawo shekarar nan ta 2024, lamura sun fara sauyawa a Nijar, kuma hakan yana baƙanta ran ƙasashen Yamma.
"Al'ummarmu sun nuna buƙatarsu ta a kawo ƙarshen sansanonin sojojin ƙasashen waje da suka daɗe a Nijar. A zahiri ma, mun nuna ƙarara cewa muna muradin ganin ƙarshen haɗin-gwiwa da ƙasashen mulkin mallaka". in ji gwamnatin.
"Mun kasa ganin alfanun da aka samu daga zamansu a ƙasarmu, bayan ana ta kashe sojojinmu da al'ummarmu. Don haka ranar 26 ga Yulin 2023, rane ce ta biyu da samun 'yancin-kanmu."
Cigaba na tafe
Gwamnatin CNSP ta doge kan bakarta a jayayyar diflomasiyya da ƙungiyar ECOWAS, wadda da fari ta nemi maido da gwamnatin farar hula, sannan daga baya ta nemi a miƙa mata Bazoum, shugaban da aka hamɓarar.
A 'yan watannin nan, alamu na nuna Nijar ta sassauta taƙaddamarta da maƙwabciyarta Benin, inda ake da bututun mai tare da haɗin gwiwar China, don fitar da ɗanyen man Nijar ta tashoshin ruwar ƙasar ta Benin.
Bayan tarin canje-canjen ba-zatan da aka gani a Nijar zuwa yanzu, al'ummar ƙasar suna cike da fatan samun tsaro da cigaban ƙasa mai ɗorewa, da wadatar abinci, da kayyakin more rayuwa.
Ibrahim yana da cikakken fatan cewa ƙasarsa ta koma kan tafarkin cigaba, ganin cewa yanzu an ɗauki hanya.
"Muna burin cim ma nasarori ta hanyar bunƙasar ilimi a tsakanin jama'armu, waɗanda mafi yawansu matasa ne," in ji shi a zantawarsa da TRT Afrika.
