Daga Coletta Wanjohi
Kun tuna abin da ya faru a fim din cowboy-western, inda jarumin ya tsinci wani gwala a kusa da teku, wanda ya zama sanadiyar arzikinsa?
Haka abin ya faru a tsakankanin shekarar 2010, inda wani karamin mai hako ma'adanai a Tanzania mai suna Saniniu Laizer, ya yi kicibis da arziki a karkashin kasa, inda a dare daya ya zama miloniya.
Laizer ya hako ma'adanin Tanzanite guda biyu ne, wadanda ma'adanai ne masu daraja da kyau kamar su dutsen sapphires da rubies ko kuma emeralds.
Abin ban mamakin ba ma hako su dusten ba ne, har da girmansa, inda ya yi nauyin kilogram 15. An ce su biyun ne ma'adanin Tanzanite mafi girma da aka taba hakowa a tarihi.
Gwamantin Tanzania ta biya Laizer Dalar Amurka miliyan 3.4. Kamar yadda cowboy ya samu arziki a fim, haka shi ma dan Tanzaniar ya kudance lokaci daya.
Ba zato, ba tsammani
Ma'adanin Tanzanite, wanda ya samo asali daga gemstone da burbushin vanadium, dutse ne mai daraja mai fitar da kyallin shudi da fatsi.
Wurin da har zuwa yanzu ake da yakinin samun ma'adanin Tanzanite shi ne wani waje karami da bai wuce girman tsayin kilomita bakwai da fadin kilomita biyu ba kacal da ke gundumar Simanjiro a yankin Manyara da ke kasar Tanzania.
Ana tunanin an fara gano dutsen Tanzanite ne a shekarar 1967 a tudun Mirerani da ke Arewacin Tanzania. Yana samuwa a yanayin kasa ne na daban, inda yake bukatar miliyoyin shekaru yana shan zafin karkashin kasa kafin ya zama cikakken ma'adanin.
Yanayin yadda yake yin miliyoyin shekarun kafin samuwarsa ne ya sa ba shi da yawa, kuma yake da daraja sosai.
A Mirerani, masu hako ma'adinai na cigaba da neman dutsen, wanda masana suke ce ya fi lu'u-lu'u wahalar samu nesa ba kusa ba.
Masu kasuwancin kayayyakin kwalliya sun kiyasta cewa duk carat daya na Tanzanite yana kai tsakanin Dala 100 zuwa Dala 500 lura da irinsa. Ana amfani da dutsen wajen hada kayayyakin ado da sauransu.
Bayanai daga Ma'aikatar Ma'adanai ta Tanzania sun nuna cewa zuwa Disamban 2021, an sayar da carat 317,157 na Tanzanite wanda aka sana'anta, sannan an sayar 271,650 kilogram na wanda ba a sana'anta ba.
Farashin dutsen yana bambanta ne da yanayin kala da girma da kuma inganci. Binciken farashin a intanet ya nuna cewa ba shi da farashi daya.
Misali, an sayar da shudin dutsen na alfarma mai nauyin carat 21.66 da aka yanka shi da gefe shida a kan farashin Dala 13,429. Amma a birnin Bangkok ya sa farashin irinsa amma mai nauyin carat 29.70 a Dala 15,444.
Fitattun kamfanonin kayayyakin ado na duniya irin su Van Cleef & Arpels da Louis Vuitton da Tiffany & Co, da Dior duk suna amfani da dutsen.
Lokacin da ake auna nauyin mafi girman ma'adinin Tanzanite da aka hakowa a Mererani, kasar Tanzania.
Arzikin kasa
Masana a bangaren ma'adanai sun ce kasar Tanzania na da damar samun dimbin arziki daga dutsen na Tanzanite.
Wannan damar, a cewarsu, na samun tsaiko ne saboda karancin salon tallata shi, inda suka ce akwai bukatar a hada hannu da duk masu ruwa da tsaki wajen tallata ma'adanin wanda Tanzania ce kadai take da shi.
"Duniya ta san muna da Tanzanite, amma har yanzu mun kasa yada shi a duniya. Wannan kuskure ne," in ji Louisa Katolila, wata masaniya a bangaren ma'adanai a zantarwarta da TRT Afrika.
"Idan wakilanmu suka halarci tarukan baje-kolin duniya, ba sa maganar komai sai ta gayyatar mutane zuwa yawon bude ido, inda suke mantawa da Tanzanite din."
Katolila ta ba da misalin yadda masu kasuwancin kayan ado suke cin kasuwar kayayyakin kwalliya da aka hada da kananan dutsen Tanzanite din da suka samu daga kasar Thailand da India.
"Dutsen Tanzanite din nan zai fi sauki daga Tanzania, amma wadancan sun fi tallata nasu a kasuwannin duniya," in ji ta.
A shekarar 2017, tsohon Shugaban Kasa, John Magufuli ya ba da umarni a gina katanga a yankin Mireranin, inda ma'adanin yake.
Tun lokacin da sojoji suka zagaye wajen da katanga, duk wanda ya shiga wajen sai an duba shi da kyau idan zai fita domin hana hako shi ba tare da izini ba.
Yanzu hukuma tana kula da hako ma'adanai da kasuwancinsu a kasar. Gwamantin Shugabar Kasa Samia Suluhu Hassan tana ta kokarin ganin ta jawo hankalin kasashen duniya kan dutsen mai daraja.
"Na hadu da 'yan kasuwa da dama da ba su ma san Tanzanite din ba, amma na musu bayannin cewa wani ma'adani ne, wanda a kasar Tanzania kawai ake samunsa," inji Minista Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Tanzania, Dokta Aishatu K. Kijaji a tattaunawarta da TRT Afrika.
"Shi ya sa nake sha'awar sanya tufafin da aka musu ado da dutsen Tanzanite domin tallata shi a duniya," in ji ta.
A shekarar 2010, kasar ta haramta shigo da duwatsu masu daraja da aka sana'anta wanda ya haura nauyin Kiko 1 kasar domin inganta bangaren ma'adinai na kasar.
"Dole mu fahimci cewa arzikin da Allah Ya yi wa kasarmu. Zai yi kyau a ce duk wani dan Tanzania yana da wani kayan kwalliya da akwai dutsen Tanzanite a jiki," in ji ta.
