Yawan basussukan da ke kan kasashen duniya ya karu da kashi 5.4 cikin 100 a shekarar 2023 zuwa dala tiriliyan 97, inda Amurka ta kasance kasar da ta fi kowacce kasa cin bashi da kusan dala tiriliyan 33, a cewar bayanan da Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya (IMF) ya fitar.
Gwamnatocin duniya da dama sun gabatar da wasu manyan tsare-tsare na karbar bashi don kare kasuwar ƙwadago da daƙile matsalar rashin kudi bayan ɓullar cutar COVID-19 da kuma mafi muhimmaci tallafawa kiwon lafiya da samar da ayyukan yi.
Karancin kudin ruwa ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rancen da gwamnatoci suka karba, musamman ga kasashen da suka ci gaba inda suka fi kashe kudade a bangaren kiwon lafiya da na fansho ga manyan ‘yan kasa, yanayin da suka sanya matsin lamba ga kasafin kudaden kasashe da ya kai su ga neman ƙarin rance don biyan wadannan kudade.
Yakin Rasha da Ukraine ya kuma sanya matsin lamba kan farashin makamashi a duniya, inda kasashe da dama suka kara tallafinsu ga 'yan kasarsu don rage tsadar makamashi.
Bashin da Amurka ta ci ya karu da kashi 10 cikin dari
Sakamakon wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, bashin da kasashen duniya suka ci, wanda kafin bullar Covid-19 a shekarar 2019 ya kasance yana kan dala tiriliyan 74, sannan ya karu da kashi 32.8 cikin dari a shekarar 2023.
Idan aka kwatanta da matakin da yake a 2019, za a ga cewa ya ƙaru da kashi 5.4 cikin dari a duk shekara, har ya kai dala tiriliyan 97 ya zuwa watan Nuwamban shekarar nan, bisa ga bayanan IMF.
Gwamnatin Amurka ta nemi wasu makudan kudaden don yakar cutar, wanda suka sanya tattalin arzikinta yin kasa, sai kuma yakin Rasha da Ukraine da ya zama wani lamari wanda ya yi mummunar tasiri kan basussukan da Amurka ta karba.
Yakin ya kuma haifar da sauye-sauye a ma'aunin makamashi na duniya sannan ya haifar da karin farashin mai da iskar gas a duniya, lamari da ya haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.
Yanayin da China ke ciki
Idan aka yi la’akari da wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, Amurka ce ke kan gaba cikin kasashen da suka fi yawan basussuka a kansu a duk duniya, inda a yanzu bashin da ta ci ya kai dala tiriliyan 33 a shekarar 2023, karin kashi 10 cikin 100 idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.
A wata hira da aka yi da Michael Peterson, babban darektan gidauniyar Peter G. Peterson na cibiyar da ke nazari kan basusuka da kasafin kudi a Amurka da aka fitar ranar 18 ga watan Satumba kan batun, ya bayyana cewa “sakamakon yanda ‘yan majalisa ke bijirewa kasafin kudi da aka ware na wani dan lokaci zuwa wani, sai bashin da ke kan kasarmu ya dada taruwa, zuwa tiriliyan bayan tiriliyan.
"Maimakon fadar bangaranci da ba zai magance mana matsalolin mu na kasafin kudi ba, Amurkawa na bukatar 'yan majalisar dokokin kasar su mai da hankali kan batun bashin kansa."
Gwamnatin China tana kashe makudan kudade wajen samar da ababen more rayuwa da shirye-shirye na zamantakewar al'umma, wanda hakan ya kara yawan rancen da take karba a 'yan shekarun nan, yayin da bankin kasar China ya rage yawan kudin ruwa da yake samu don karfafa tattalin arziki.
Duk da ci gaban tattalin arzikin China da kuma karuwar kudaden haraji, har yanzu ana ganin basusukan da ake bin kasar na matsayin da bai wuce kima ba.
La'akari da wadannan yanayi, China ita ce kasa ta biyu mafi yawan bashi bayan Amurka, inda bashin da ke kanta ya kai dala tiriliyan 17.2 a watan Oktoban 2023.
Cikakken sauyi
Dangane da kasar Japan kuwa mai yawan al'umma tsofaffi, an samu karin kudaden kula da su sannan an samu ragin matasa masu biyan haraji, an bayyana hakan a matsayin manyan dalilan da suka haddasa yawan basussukan da kasar ta karba.
KasarJapan tana bayan Amurka da China inda ta ci bashin kudi ya kai dalar Amurka tiriliyan 11.
Wani rahoto da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta fitar a ranar 12 ga watan Yuli da ya yi gargadi game da karin basusukan da kasashen duniya suka karba.
Rahoton ya ce "Mutane biliyan 3.3 a yanzu suna zaune a kasashen da biyan basussukansu suka wuce kudaden da suke kashewa kan kiwon lafiya da ilimi."
