Yanzu haka dai takarar maye gurbin Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya António Guterres ta ragu ga 'yan takara hudu—Rafael Grossi, shugaban hukumar makamashin nukiliya ta duniya ta Argentina; tsohuwar shugabar Chile Michelle Bachelet; tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugaban Costa Rica Rebeca Grynspan; da kuma tsohon shugaban Senegal Macky Sall—wanda ake sa ran za a zabi sabon shugaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga cikin su.
A zaman sauraren karar da aka shafe awanni uku ana yi a ranar Laraba 22 ga Afrilu, masu takarar hudu sun fuskanci wakilai daga kasashe 193 mambobi, kowannensu ya yi alƙawarin ci gaba da gyara kungiyar, wacce matsayin ta ya ragu a 'yan shekarun nan.
Kodayake babu tsarin karba-karba na yanki na musamman don zabar sabon Sakatare Janar, wasu suna jayayya cewa "lokacin Latin Amurka ne." "Karo na karshe da wannan yankin ya rike wannan matsayi shi ne kimanin shekaru 35 da suka gabata," in ji mai sharhi kan siyasa Ovigwe Eguegu ga TRT Afrika.
Karba-Karba tsakanin yankuna
Macky Sall shi ne ɗan takara ɗaya tilo daga wajen Latin Amurka, kuma shi kaɗai ne wanda bai taɓa riƙe wani matsayi a cikin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba.
A lokacin zaman sauraron ‘yan takarar, ya bayyana wani shiri na gyara da ya mayar da hankali kan diflomasiyya mai kariya da kuma tsarin hukumomi masu sassauci.
Sall ya ce, "Yanzu ne lokacin da za a yi abin da ya fi kyau da ƙarancin kuɗi," da nufin ƙirƙirar "ƙungiyar da ta sake farfaɗo wa da kanta wadda za ta iya ganin cewa ranakunta masu haske na zuwa a nan gaba."
Ya ce rikice-rikicen duniya - gami da ƙara yawan hamayyar siyasa, rikice-rikicen da ke haifar da tashin hankali, barazanar yanayi, rashin daidaito da gudun hijira - "ba na kewaye wa ba ne" amma suna da tsari mai girma da ƙarfi, suna buƙatar martani mai inganci da haɗin kai na ƙasashen duniya.
Dan shekaru 64 ya shiga takarar da Burundi ta nada shi, wadda a yanzu ke shugabancin Tarayyar Afirka, ya yi fama da samun amincewar ƙungiyar a hukumance, inda ƙasashe mambobi 20 ciki har da ƙasarsa, suka ƙi amincewa da shawarar.
Duk da wannan koma-baya, burin masanin kimiyyar ƙasa wanda ya zama ɗan siyasa har yanzu bai ragu ba, ganin cewa ɗan takara yana buƙatar goyon bayan ƙasa ɗaya tilo da ke cikin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya don tsayawa takara. Duk da haka, manazarci Eguegu ya ce wannan "yana rikitar da abubuwa sosai."
Sall ya yi alƙawarin yin aiki a matsayin shugaba marar nuna son kai wanda ya mayar da hankali kan rage tashin hankali da kuma haɗa rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin ƙasashe, al'adu da yankuna. Ya kuma yi kira da a ba wa Afirka kujeru biyu na dindindin a Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Duniya.
Mace ta farko a matsayin Sakatare Janar ta MDD?
A cikin shekaru 80 tun bayan da aka kafa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, an sami Sakatare-Janar guda tara, amma mace ba ta taɓa riƙe wannan muƙamin ba.
Tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugaban ƙasar Costa Rica Rebeca Grynspan, wacce ke jagorantar taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Ciniki da Ci Gaba (UNCTAD), na daga masu fafata wa don neman matsayin, kuma tana da ƙarfi.
"Ba na jiran a yi mini hidima ta musamman. Ina son a yi mini hidima daidai da kowa," ta shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters.
An haife ta a gdan iyayen da suka tsere daga Turai bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, matar mai shekaru 70 ta danganta ra'ayinta na duniya kai tsaye da asalin assasa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da rawar da take taka wa wajen hana rikici da haɗin gwiwar ƙasashen duniya.
A lokacin zaman sauraron jama'a, ta yi alƙawarin sanya zaman lafiya a matsayin babban fifikonta. Ta bayyana hanyar da ta dace wacce ke mai da hankali kan daukar matakai da wuri, tattaunawa kai tsaye da kuma haɗin gwiwa da Kwamitin Tsaro, da kuma ƙasashe 193 mambobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
"Zan zama mai son zaman lafiya. Zan isa ga yankuna kafin rikice-rikice su barke, in zama na farko da zai ɗauki waya. Zan yi tafiya zuwa inda yaƙe-yaƙe suke. Zan yi magana da kowace ƙungiya. Zan yi aiki tare da Kwamitin Tsaro, tare da ƙasashe mambobin Kwamitin, kuma zan shiga tsakanin masu shiga tsakani," in ji Grynspan.
Masaniyar tattalin arziki ta yi imanin cewa diflomasiyya sau da yawa tana buƙatar dagewa yayin da ake fuskantar koma-baya akai-akai.
"Babban hatsari ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya," Ms Grynspan ta ce "ba wai yin ƙoƙarin warware matsala ba ne."
Tsohuwar Shugabar Chile sau biyu kuma tsohuwar Kwamishinar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Michelle Bachelet ita ma tana da burin zama mace ta farko da za ta jagoranci Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a tarihinta na shekaru 80.
Bachelet, mai shekaru 74, wacce kuma ta jagoranci Hukumar Mata ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniyar a tsakanin 2010-2013, ta shaida wa taron cewa babban kalubalen ba wai kawai magance rikice-rikice ba ne, har ma da hana afkuwar su.
Hangen nesanta ya mayar da hankali kan shiga tsakani da wuri ta hanyar tsarin gargaɗi mai ƙarfi, ci gaba da hulɗa da manyan mutane na yankin da abin da ta bayyana a matsayin "diflomasiyya mai natsuwa", wanda aka gudanar ba tare da matsin lamba daga jama'a ba.
"Hangen hangen nesana ya samo asali ne daga mu'ujizar tattaunawa mai wahala wadda wani lokacin ba za a iya cim ma wa ba, amma ko da akwai wata matsala da za ta taso, na san zai iya samun nasara," in ji Bachelet.
"Dole ne mu sake haɗuwa da al'ummomin duniya. Maido da sahihanci yana buƙatar samar da sakamako, sakamako masu tasiri, tallafawa zaman lafiya da tsaro, haɓaka ci gaba mai ɗorewa da kuma kare haƙƙin ɗan adam yadda ya kamata da kuma ba tare da nuna son kai ba."
A watan Maris, Chile ta janye goyon bayanta bayan sauyin shugabanci, amma ta ci gaba da kamfen ɗin ta tare da goyon bayan Brazil da Mexico.
Takararta ta kuma jawo suka daga wasu 'yan siyasa na jam'iyyar Republican a Amurka, waɗanda suka yi kira ga Washington da ta yi watsi da buƙatarta kan goyon bayanta ga haƙƙin zubar da ciki.
Bachelet ta ce "za ta kasance tare da mata a koyaushe" kuma idan aka zaɓe ta, za ta mayar da hankali kan tabbatar da cewa an aiwatar da alkawuran Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan haƙƙin mata a aikace.
Siyasar Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
Babban Zauren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai mambobi 193 ne ke naɗa Babban Sakataren bisa shawarar da Kwamitin Tsaro ya bayar.
"Duk wanda zai iya samun goyon bayan dukkan mambobi biyar na dindindin - Amurka, Rasha, China, Birtaniya da Faransa - ya yi nasara," a cewar Eguegu.
Rashin jituwa tsakanin P5 da kiki-kaka a Kwamitin Tsaro kan rikice-rikicen da suka faru kwanan nan a Gaza, Ukraine da kuma yanzu Iran ya nuna yadda aikin ke da wahala.
Rafael Grossi dan kasar Ajantina kuma jami'in diflomasiyya ya yi aikin wanda ya jagoranci hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, IAEA, tsawon shekaru shida da suka gabata, ana ganin sa a matsayin wanda ke kan gaba, bayan ya shafe shekaru yana tattaunawa kan dangantaka da mambobin dindindin su biyar na Kwamitin Tsaron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
"Akwai manyan shakku game da cibiyarmu," Grossi ya shaida wa kasashe mambobin, yana mai nuni da damuwar da ake da ita game da tasiri, inganci da ikon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na samar da sakamako mai ma'ana.
Ya ce duniya da ke cike da rikici, rarrabuwar kawuna da kuma hamayyar yankuna da siyasa sun kara sanya yin nazari kan rawar da hukumar ta duniya ke takawa, musamman ganin yadda aka ware ta daga muhimman shawarwari.
"Ina Majalisar Dinkin Duniya take?" Hukuma mai shekaru 65 din ya tambaya.
Grossi wanda ke jin Turanci, Sifaniyanci, Faransanci da Italiyanci, ya yarda cewa ana ci gaba da ƙoƙarin yin garambawul amma ya yi gargaɗi da cewa ƙoƙarin bai wadatar ba.
Ya ce, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba a ƙirƙire ta don isar da "saƙonni daga dogon hauren giwa ba", sai don "magance matsaloli da ake da su".
Duk da haka, Tehran ta zargi shugaban IAEA da taimaka wa hare-haren Amurka da Isra'ila kan cibiyoyin nukiliya na Iran.
"Ta hanyar wannan mummunan aiki, ya taimaka kai tsaye wajen ɗaukar wani kuduri da siyasa ta yi wa Iran ta hannun Hukumar ‘IAEA BoG’ da kuma hare-haren bama-bamai na Isra'ila da Amurka a wuraren nukiliya na Iran ba bisa ƙa'ida ba," in ji Ministan Harkokin Wajen Iran Abbas Araghchi a shafin X.
Masu sharhi sun ce sabon Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya zai iya zama "ɗaya daga cikin mafi muni" a cikin shekaru da yawa, ɗan takarar da ya yi nasara zai gaji ƙalubale masu girma.
"Duniya tana fuskantar rikici a fannoni da yawa - yaƙe-yaƙe, sauyin yanayi, rashin tsaro na abinci - da kuma raunin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙasashe," in ji Eguegu a tattaunawar sa da TRT Afrika.
"Don haka dole ne Sakatare Janar na gaba ya nuna ƙarfin diflomasiyya da ƙwarewar gudanarwa. Za a buƙaci wannan don haɓaka amincewa da tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a tsakanin mafi yawan ƙasashen duniya.
Haka kuma, muhimmin abu shi ne shawo kan manyan ƙasashe su ba da kuɗin gudanar da ayyukan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya."
Ana sa ran Kwamitin Tsaro mai mambobi 15 zai tattauna kan 'yan takarar a ɓoye a watan Yuli kafin Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya tabbatar da naɗin a hukumance a ƙarshen shekarar.
