Zimbabwe kasa ce da ke yankin kudancin Afirka, kuma tana da arzikin filaye da namun daji iri daban-daban.
Ga wasu abu biyar da suka kamata ku sani game da Zimbabwe, kasar da a yanzu 'yan adawa ke da burin hambarar da jam'iyyar marigayi Shugaba Robert Mugabe a babban zaben kasar da ke tafe a ranar 23 ga watan Agusta.
Tasirin dadewar mulki
Shugaban Zimbabwe wanda ya kwashe shekara 37 a kan mulki, Robert Mugabe, ya kasance gwarzo ga mutane da dama a nahiyar Afirka saboda irin gwagwarmayar da ya yi wajen 'yantar da kasarsa daga mulkin Turawa 'yan tsiraru.
Sai dai da shekaru suka dan ja sai ya fara zama mutum mara adalci, ga aikata magudi a zabukan kasar tare da yi wa abokan adawarsa barazana da kuma sanya tsauttsarar akidarsa ta kishin kasa wajen tafiyar da harkokin tattalin arzikin kasar da ya fuskanci koma baya.
Tsohon dan gwagwarmayar kuma malami, wanda ya dane kan kujerar mulki tun a shekarar 1980, ya taka rawar gani wajen samar da ingantaccen ilimi a kasar.
Sai dai ya jefa kansa cikin halin tsaka mai wuya, bayan da ya ci karo da 'yan tsirarun Turawa da kuma kasashen yammacin duniya a shekara ta 2000, lokacin da ya karfafa gwiwar 'yan kasar masu fafutukar samun 'yancin kai da su kwace gonaki mallakin Turawa.
Daga karshe dai sojojin kasar suka hambarar da shi a shekarar 2017, a lokacin yana da shekara 93 bayan da ya yi yunkurin sanya matarsa Grace a matsayin wacce za ta gaje shi.
Mataimakinsa Emmerson Mnangagwa wanda ya samu goyon bayan sojojin kasar ne ya gaji Mugabe kuma tun daga lokacin yake kan karagar mulki.
Tabarbarewar tattalin arziki
A baya ana yi wa Zimbabwe lakabi da cibiyar noma ta Afirka sai dai ta fuskanci kalubale na rashin iya samar wa al'ummarta abinci tun daga shekarar 2000, sakamakon kwace filayenta da Turawa suka yi da kuma tabarbarewar tattalin arziki na kasar.
A 2008, kasar ta samu mummunan yanayi na hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da ya kara dagula lamura, da sai da ya kai ga tilasta wa babban bankin kasar ba da bashin dala tiriliyan 100 na takardar kudin Zimbabwe.
Daga baya ne aka ce lamarin ya dan yi sauki bayan da gwamnati ta dauki matakin yin watsi da kudaden kasar ta kuma amfani da dalar Amurka da kuma Rand na Afirka ta Kudu.
Shekaru 15 bayan haka, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya sake dawowa, inda a hukumance ya kai kashi 175.8 bisa 100 a watan Yuni, ko da yake dai wasu masana tattalin arziki sun yi kiyasin adadin ya fi haka.
Mutane da dama ba sa iya sayen wasu kayayyakin masarufi, an kuma zargi ayyukan cin hanci da rashawa da karancin magunguna da ake samu a asibitocin gwamnati na kasar.
Masu barin kasar don neman ingantacciyar rayuwa sun karu
Tabarbarewar tattalin arziki da siyasa a Zimbabwe sun sanya kwararrun ma'aikata na guduwa zuwa wasu kasashe don samun rayuwa mai inganci.
Kimanin mutum miliyan uku ne ake kyautata zaton sun yi hijira zuwa kasashen waje, musamman zuwa Afrika ta Kudu da Birtaniya da Canada da kuma wasu kasashen.
Kimanin dalar Amurka biliyan 1.8 ne 'yan kasar wadanda ke zama a kasashen waje ke aika wa gida a kowace shekara, adadin da ke wakiltar daya daga cikin hanyoyin samun kudaden shiga na Zimbabwe.
Sai dai kasar na fuskantar koma baya sosai a karancin likitoci da ma'aikatan jinya, sannan a halin yanzu Burtaniya na neman malamai da za ta dauka aiki.
Matsalar giwaye
Kimanin giwaye 100,000 ke Zimbabwe, sannan ita ce kasa ta biyu da ke da yawansu a duniya bayan Botswana.
Namun dajin na yawo cikin 'yanci a wuraren da aka ware don adana su, a wasu lokuta ana samun su suna tsallaka babban titin da ya hada Gandun Dajin Hwange zuwa wurin shakatawa na Victoria Falls.
Jami'ai sun ce ba za a iya jure wa adadin yawan giwayen ba, hakan na kara ruruta wutar rikicin da ake yi tsakanin namun daji da mutane.
Namun dajin sun kashe mutum 68 a shekarar 2022, sannan a bana sun kashe mutum 29, hukumar kula da namun daji ta Zimbabwe ZimParks ta ce giwaye da kada suke sanadiyar mutuwar da ake samu.
Fitattun marubuta
Marubuta irinsu Tsitsi Dangarembga zuwa NoViolet Bulawayo da Petina Gappah da Alexandra Fuller, Zimbabwe ta kasance gida ga wasu manyan sunaye a fagen nishadi a adabin Afirka na zamani kuma kusan dukkansu mata.
A kasar ne marigayiya Doris Lessing 'yar asalin Birtaniya da ta rubuta littafin "The Grass is Sing" ta girma kuma ta samu ilimi na al'adar adabi.
A wannan zamanin mata 'yan kasar su suka yi zarra a wajen rubuce-rubuce da bayar da labarai.
