Daga Charles Mgbolu
A kan ce hoto tamkar kalma dubu yake. Ƴar Nijeriya mai ɗaukar hoto kuma mai zayyana Etinosa Yvonne tana fitar da labarai ta hanyar ɗaukar hotuna da zana su da ke bayyana tsantsar labaran takaicin da baki ba zai iya faɗa ba.
A watan Fabrairun 2018, matashiyar mai shekara 29 mai tsananin son ɗaukar hoton tana zaune a wata cibiyar fasaha da ke Abuja babban birnin Nijeriya, sai wani abun mamaki ya faru a lokacin da take tana kallon Salam Neighbour, da ke nuna rayuwar wasu 'yan gudun hijirar Siriya biyu, wanda har ya samu lambar yabo.
Labari mai taɓa zuciyar da take kallo a talabijin din ya dinga bijiro mata da hoto mai fari da baƙi a zuciyarta na wasu fuskokin da ta gani masu cike da baƙin ciki a sansanonin ƴan gudun hijira a Nijeriya, shekara guda da ta wuce.
Yvonne ta tuna da labarinsu na baƙin ciki da wahala. Ta ji muryoyinsu a cikin kunnuwanta, suna ba da labarin yadda aka raba su da al’ummominsu a lokacin tashin hankalin da ‘yan ta’adda da ‘yan bindiga da masu garkuwa da mutane suka haddasa musu.
Yawancin waɗannan mutanen sun ga mutuwa a kusa. Wasu sun sha da ƙyar daga da kayan jikinsu kawai, daga munanan hare-haren da aka kai musu.
Mafi yawan waɗannan mutanen ƴan Jihar Borno ne, inda fiye da mutum 38,000 suka mutu daga tsakanin shekarar 2011 zuwa 2023 a rikicin da Boko Haram ta haddasa, a cewar wani bincike na hukumar Statistica.
Nan da nan sai Yvonne ta gano manufarta. Za ta bayar da labarinsu ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto da take yi.
Yvonne ta yanke shawarar ƙara samun horo a fannin ɗaukar hoto ta yadda za ta iya amfani da hanyar ɗaukar hoto don fahimtar da mutane irin tsananin halin wahala da ƴan gudun hijira suke ciki.
Shekara biyar bayan nan, sai ta yi waiwaye a kan nasarar da ta samu bayan ɗaukar matakin ƙara zama ƙwararriyar mai ɗaukar hoto.
Tafiya mabuɗin ilimi
"Dole ne na koya wa kaina fasahohin ɗaukar hoto ta amfani da koyon sabbin darussa a YouTube. Ina so in taimaka wa waɗannan mutane su faɗi labarinsu ta wata sabuwar hanya gaba ɗaya," kamar yadda Yvonne ta shaida wa TRT Afrika.
"Ina son mutane su san irin rayuwar da waɗanda suka tsira suke yi, ta fannin yadda abin da suka gani ya taɓa su sosai. Ta yaya suke fama da firgicin tuna yadda aka yi wa masoyansu kisan gilla?"
Aikin ɗaukar hoto ya nutsa cikin duban hanyoyin shawo kan wadanda suka tsira daga ta'addanci da matsanancin tashe-tashen hankula da rashin tausayi a Nijeriya. Yvonne ta kira aikin nata na soyayya da cewa "Komai yana kaina".
"Aikin ya haɗa da bincike da tattaunawa da haɗa hotuna da bidiyo da rubutattun labarai don ƙirar kayan aiki waɗanda ke nuna zurfin tasirin waɗannan abubuwa masu ban tsoro game da lafiyar kwakwalwar waɗanda suka tsira da kuma walwalarsu," in ji ta.
"Ina buƙatar na gwada fayyace takaicinsu ta yadda za a fahimta. Don taimaka wa masukallon ayyukana su fahimta, ta hanyar kallon waɗannan hotuna, irin yadda uban da ke kewaye da ƴaƴansa yake jin farin ciki sai kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya rasa su duka.
Yvonne ta sami damar ƙirƙirar hotuna masu ban tsoro amma masu kyan gani na mutanen da aka jera da hotuna na alama waɗanda ke wakiltar zafinsu.
"Fayyace firgici da matsalar ƙwaƙwalwa yana da wahala saboda kai tsaye ba ni ce a cikin halin da suke ciki ba. Ba zai yuwu na bayyana komai ɗari bisa ɗari ba, amma ina iya bakin ƙoƙarina don in nuna kwatankwacin yadda suke ji," kamar yadda ta shaida wa TRT Afrika.
Neman tsarkaka
Babban makasudin aikin shi ne bayar da shawarar ƙarin damar samun tallafi na inganta lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwar mutanen da suka tsira daga hare-haren tashin hankali, tare da mai da hankali sosai kan rawar da yake takawa wajen haɓaka lafiyar hankalinsu.
A cikin shekaru biyar da suka wuce, Yvonne ta yi aiki tare da mutum 60 da suka tsira daga ta'addanci da tashe-tashen hankula da rashin tausayi a sassa daban-daban na Nijeriya.
"Akwai ban sha'awa a lura cewa yayin da waɗanda suka tsira suka sami hanyar da za su bi ta zahiri tare da aiwatar da abubuwan da suka faru, yawancinsu ba sa yin magana game da abubuwan da suka faru da kuma tasirinsu a kan lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwa," in ji ta.
Yvonne ta ba da hujjar cewa ra'ayin "manta komai a ci gaba da rayuwa" na iya zama abin ban tsoro ga irin waɗannan mutane, waɗanda akasarinsu suka shaida munanan hare-hare da zubar da jini, kuma da wahala su manta abin da ya faru a baya.
"Yawancin waɗanda suka tsira daga waɗannan zalunci suna kamuwa da ciwon tsananin damuwa ko wani ciwon taɓin hankali da ake kira PTSD, da tunani na ramuwar gayya, yayin da wasu ke samun kwanciyar hankali a cikin wanzuwarsu da addininsu.
"Na tura wannan aikin ne don jawo hankalin jama'a ga yanayin tunanin wasu daga cikin waɗanda suka tsira," in ji Yvonne.
Zuwa wurare
Yvonne ta ci gaba da cika alkawarinta ta hanyar shirya nuna hotuna da yawa da yawon buɗe ido na ziyartar wuraren tarihi da tattaro bayanai a ciki da wajen nahiyar.
Ta dauki hotuna sama da 40, wasu daga cikinsu tarin dindindin ne da ake nunawa a gidajen tarihi na duniya da suka shahara kamar Fitchburg Art Museum a Massachusetts da ke Amurka.
"Ina son mutane, musamman wadanda ke wajen Afirka, su fahimci cewa wadannan da abin ya shafa da suke ji a labarai ba ƙididdiga ba ce kawai.
“Su mutane ne na gaske, masu ji na gaske, tare da mafarkai da buri da aka yi musu kwatsam kuma sau da yawa ana ɗauke su da ƙarfi,” in ji matashiyar mai ɗaukar hoto.
Tana da wani sabon baje kolin da aka shirya a gidan tarihi na kasa da ke jihar Cross River da ke kudancin Najeriya
"A wannan karon ina fafutukar ƙwato haƙƙin yara da mata marasa galihu, da sauran marasa galihu a Jihar Kuros Riba da aka dinga yi musu zargin maita. "Wannan ya yi tasiri sosai kan lafiyar ƙwakƙalwarsu," in ji Yvonne.
A matsayinta na mai zane-zane, ba abin da take irin hotunanta su nuna gaskiya da raɗaɗin da waɗannan mutane suka jure.
"Ina fatan aikina ya samar da tattaunawa a duniya, saboda waɗannan da abin ya shafa sun cancanci samun rayuwa mai kyau daga kowannenmu," in ji ta.
