Daraktan NASA, Jared Isaacman, na son a mayar da matsayin Pluto a matsayin duniya cikin tsarin duniyoyin da ake da su.

A lokacin da yake magana a gaban Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, babban jami’in hukumar sararin samaniya mafi girma a duniya ya ce Pluto "da gaske ya cancanci" a dawo masa da matsayin duniyarsa.

An ruwaito shi yana cewa: "Sanata, ni ina cikin bangaren 'Mayar da Pluto ya zama duniya kamar da'."

Waɗannan kalamai kan taken siyasar Shugaba Donald Trump ya farfaɗo da doguwar muhawara kan Pluto, inda da dama daga cikin masana taurari ke cewa ya kamata a ƙirga shi a matsayin cikakkiyar duniyar da ake da su.

A da Pluto ita ce duniya ta tara a tsarin hasken rana har zuwa 2006, lokacin da Hukumar Kasa da Kasa ta Ilimin Taurari (IAU) ta sake fassara matsayinsa zuwa abin da ake kira "ƙaramar duniyar".

A lokacin masana sun amince cewa wannan halittar sararin samaniyar daga gefen wajen duniyarmu ba ta cika ka'idojin da ya kamata a ce ta zama cikakkiyar duniya ba.

A yayin amsa tambaya daga Sanata Jerry Moran a lokacin kare kasafin kudin NASA na 2027, Isaacman ya ce hukumar na shirya takardun kimiyya don "domin a tayar da zancen ga masana kimiyya domin sake nazari kan batun.”

Alamu sun nuna Isaacman ya dogara a kan bayanai daga aikin jirgin sararin samaniya na NASA, New Horizons, wanda shi ne jirgi na farko da ya binciki Pluto daga kusa, wanda ya ratsa kusa da halittar sararin samaniyar a 2015.

Me ya faru a 2006?

Pluto ya kasance cikakkiyar duniya tun ranar da aka gano shi a 1930 har zuwa 2006, lokacin da masu nazarin taurari a Babban Zauren IAU da aka yi a Prague suka yi kuri'a don amincewa da sabon ma'anar duniyar mai sassa uku.

Ma’anar ta ce duniya halittar sararin samaniya ce wadda ke zagaye rana, sannan tana da isashen nauyin da za ta iya motsi domin saƙa kanta cikin zagayayyiyar siffa. Sannan ta kawar da duk wasu abubuwa da ke gefenta” idan tana zagaye rana.

Pluto ya cika sharuɗɗan farko biyu, amma bai cika na uku ba game da tsabtace makwabtaka.

A fannin sararin samaniya, “kawar da makwabtaƙa” na nufin duniya za ta iya samun "ciakken nauyin motsi" a kan sararin da ke kusa da ita.

A sauƙaƙe, hakan na nufin duniyar dole ta zama babba sosai har ta iya haɗiye ko kuma iya riƙe ƙananan halittu da ke sararin samaniya da ke cikinta domin zama shakundum a wurin da take a sararin samaniya.

Sakamakon haka, IAU ta ƙirƙiri sabon rukuni a 2006 da ake kira "ƙaramar duniya". Wannan ƙa'ida ta shafi halittun sararin samaniyar da ke zagaya Rana, inda kusan kammala zagayen amma ba su iya kawar da abubuwan da ke kusa da su a lokacin da suke zagayen.

IAU ta gano akwai ƙananan duniyoyin guda biyar a tsarin hasken rana zuwa yanzu. Duk da haka, akwai yiwuwar akwai "fiye da ɗari" irin waɗannan halittun na sararin samaniya da ke jiran a gano su.

Masu suka, ciki har da shugaban binciken New Horizons Alan Stern, suna cewa tsarin sauya matsayin ya kasance da lahani: Daga kusan mambobin IAU 10,000 a lokacin, mutane 237 ne kawai suka zabi shawarar sauya ma'anar, yayin da 157 suka ƙi amincewa da matakin.

Sauran mambobin da aka yi wa rajista a hukumar da ke da alhakin tantance ma’anar duniyar ba su taɓa yin ƙuri'a ba.

Ragin matsayin Pluto a 2006 ya haifar da zanga-zangar jama'a sosai, inda yara ‘yan makaranta ke rubuta wasikun korafi suna neman a mayar da duniyar yadda take a baya.

Don kafa hujja don a mayar da Pluto matsayinsa na baya, Stern ya yi kira a rungumi ma’anar yanayin duniyar. Wannan ma'ana tana fassara duniya a matsayin halittar sararin samaniya wadda siffarta za ta iya zama a zagaye mai babban nauyi wanda zai iya ɗaukar siffa zagaye amma ba ta kai nauyin da za ta kai duniya ba saboda yanayin zagayenta.

A cewar wannan ma'ana, Pluto ya cancanci zama duniya. Amma kuma akwai wasu da dama a cikin Kuiper Belt, wani yanki mai siffar burodin doughnut mai tarkacen ƙanƙara da ƙananan ƙananan halittun sararin samaniya da ke ƙasan Neptune.

Yaya Pluto take?

An ƙaddamar da jirgin New Horizons na NASA a 2006, kuma ya wuce kusa da Pluto a watan Yulin 2015, inda ya nuna wata halittar sararin samaniya mai gudana.

Hotuna sun nuna tsaunuka na ƙanƙarar, nitrogen, bedo (dunes), da shaidar cryovolcanism, wadda wani nau’i ne mai kama da aman wuta wanda ke aman sinadarai daban-daban.

Fuskar Pluto tana da matuƙar sanyi, da yanayin zafi da zai iya sauka zuwa kusan ƙasa da maki 226 zuwa ƙasa da maki 240 a ma’aunin Celsius.

Wannan sanyi sosai yana nufin ruwa, wanda ake ganin yana da muhimmanci ga rayuwa, yana cikin yanayi kamar dutse.

Cikin Pluto kuwa yana ɗumi sosai. Yawancin masana suna cewa akwai yiwuwar teku mai zurfi a cikinsa.

Mutanen da ke da ra'ayin mayar da matsayin Pluto suna cewa waɗannan halayen suna sa wannan halittar sararin samaniyar ta yi kama da duniya ta gaske.

Pluto yana da watanni guda biyar da ke zagaye da shi.