19 May 2023
Takaitaccen tarihin siyasar dimokuradiyyar Turkiyya cikin hotuna

Takaitaccen tarihin siyasar dimokuradiyyar Turkiyya cikin hotuna

Wani hoto da aka dauka a lokacin zaben kananan hukumomi a birnin Satanbul a 1930, ya nuna yadda aka bai wa mata damar kada kuri'a a karon farko, sannan hoton ya nuna yadda 'yan Turkiyya suka karbi tsarin dimokuradiyya a kasar.
Mata a Santanbul sun kada kuri'a a karon farko a shekarar 1930, ga hoton wata mata da ta yi zabe a gundumar Santanbul a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoban 1930, wannan shi ne karon farko da mata ke kada kuri'a a Turkiyya /Hoto: AP

Hoton, wanda aka dauka a zamanin da, ya kafa tarihi, ya nuna yadda wata dattijuwa cike da murmushi a fuskarta ke kokarin kada kuri’arta a cikin akwatin zabe na katako mai girma, yayin da sauran mutane ciki har da masu sanya ido kan zaben suka zura mata ido.

An dauki hotun ne a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoban 1930 yayin da aka gudanar da zaben kananan hukumomi a karon farko a birnin Santambul, a lokacin aka bai wa mata damar shiga cikin harkokin zabe kai-tsaye.

Wani dan jarida mai daukar hoto da ba a bayyana sunansa ba ne ya dauki hoton.

Hoton, mai launin baki da fari, ya kasance hoto na farko da ke nuna tarihin yadda aka kafa sabuwar jamhuriya ta mulki dimokuradiyya a Turkiyya.

Kazalika ya kasance abin gani da kwatance ga yanayin da tsarin dimokuradiyya ke tafiya da zamani a kasar bayan kusan karni biyar da mulkin Daular Usmaniyya.

Za a dauki tsawon wasu shekaru hudu kafin mata a Turkiyya su iya cin zaben gama-gari. Amma duk da haka, ana iya cewa sun yi zarra a zamanin baya idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu na yawancin kasashen Turai.

A wani hoto mai launin baki da fari, an ga masu jefa kuri'a sun yi layi a dandalin tarihi na Istiklal da ke Santanbul, a lokacin babban zaben da aka yi a ranar 27 ga Oktoba na 1957.

Wani fitaccen dan jaridar kamfanin dillancin labarai na AP Mario Torrisi ne ya dauki hoton, Moris ya taba daukar hoton mutane irin su Paparoma Paul na shida da kungiyar mawaka da aka fi sani da ‘The Beatles’

A cikin hoton, Torrisi ya hasko wani bangare na yadda rayuwa ta kasance a shekarun 1950 a Santanbul, inda 'yan garin sanye da kwat da riguna suke wucewa ta gaban wasu shaguna da ke gundumar Istiklal. Wasu daga cikin kyawawan tsararrun gine-ginen da aka gani a cikin hoton har yau suna nan a tsaye.

An ga wani gunkin karamin jingin kasa kusa da wata mota samfurin Volkswagen da aka fara kerawa a shekarar 1950, wanda yana cikin abubuwan da aka hasko a cikin hoton.

A shekarun 1950 Turkiyya ta kasance karkashin jagorancin Adnan Menderes wanda jam'iyyar adawa ta ‘yan Democrat ta ci galaba a kan jam'iyyar Republican People's Party CHP, shekaru bakwai kafin zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki na ranar 14 ga Mayu na 1950.

A zaben 1957, Menderes ya zargi jam'iyyarsa da yanke hukunci har sau uku kan jam'iyyar CHP da ke karkashin jagorancin Ismet Inonu.

Sai dai shekaru uku bayan haka, jamhuriyar ta fuskanci juyin mulkin farko da ya tilastawa kifar da mulkin Menderes. Daga baya gwamnatin mulkin soji ta rataye shi.

Sakamokon irin yadda tarihin Turkiyya ya kasance da yadda aka yi ta samun kwan-gaba- kwan-baya tsakanin jam'iyyun siyasa, 'yan kasa sun ci gaba da kasancewa a gaba da kuma tsakiyar siyasar kasar.

Yawancin wadannan lokutai masu mahimmanci sun zama tarihi da za a iya tunawa da su a yanzu, godiya ta musamman ga ‘yan jaridan da suka ba da shaida wajen ajiye tarihin abubuwan da suka faru a zamnain baya.

A ranar 28 ga watan Mayun 2023 ne masu kada kuri'a a Turkiyya za su sake fitowa rumfunan zabe domin kada kuri'unsu na zaben shugaban kasar da za a yi tsakanin shugaba mai ci Recep Tayyip Erdogan da babban abokin hamayyarsa Kemal Kilicdaroglu.

Ga yadda aka gudanar da zaben Turkiyya na tsawon shekaru cikin wasu hotuna.

An dauki wannan hoto ne a lokacin zaben Satanbul na 1930 ya kuma nuna tarihin yadda aka bai wa mata damar kada kuri'a a matakin kananan hukumomi a karon farko. (An dauki hoton a gundumar Kultur A.S na birnin Santanbul da Cibiyar Nazarin Addinin Musulunci ta Turkiye Diyanet).

An bai wa mata ‘yancin kada kuri’a a cikin gida a karon farko a kasar Turkiyya a shekarar 1930, yayin da aka ba da damar kada kuri’a a matakin kasa da kasa bayan shekaru hudu da ba su damar

Zabe a birnin Santanbul na 1935

Wata mata 'Baturkiyya ta nade kuri'arta a rumfar zabe a birnin Istanbul a shekara ta 1935, zaben farko bayan da mata suka lashe zaben gama-gari a Turkiyya. .Hoto: AP

Babban zaben kasa na 1938

Masu kada kuri'a a Istanbul sun yi jerin gwano don kada kuri'unsu a babban zaben watan Oktoba na 1938, jim kadan gabanin wanda ya kafa jamhuriyar Mustafa Kemal Ataturk ya rasu a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba shekarar. A wannan zaben, jam'iyyar Ataturk ta CHP ce kadai ta fafata a rumfunan zabe. .Hoto:AP

Ranar Matasa da wassani na 1943

A shekarun 1940 a Turkiyya karkashin mulkin Shugaba Ismet Inonu da yakin duniya na biyu ya kawowa cikas a zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki. A Lokacin ne aka gudanar da zaben jam'iyyu da dama a karon farko a 1946, a zaben ne jam'iyyar CHP ta Inonu ta zama babbar jam'iyyar. An ga Inonu yana halartar taron ranar matasa da wasanni na ranar 19 ga Mayu,1943. Ranar dai ita ce ranar tunawa da yakin neman ‘yancin kai na Turkiyya karkashin jagorancin Mustafa Kemal Ataturk wanda aka fara a tun daga 1919 zuwa karshen shekarar 1923. / Hoto:AA

Babban zaben kasa na 1950

Bayan mutuwar Ataturk, an yi ta samun masu adawa a tsakanin magoya bayansa, lamarin da ya share fagen kafa jam'iyyar Democrat, wadda ta kalubalanci rinjayen da jam'iyyar CHP take da shi tun shekarar 1946. A wannan hoton, an hasko shugaban jam'iyyar Democratic Party kuma tsohon Firaminista Celal Bayar yana yakin neman zabe na 1950. A lokacin da jam'iyyar Democrat ta lashe zaben da gagarumin rinjaye, babban taron majalisar ya zabe shi a matsayin shugaban kasa, kuma ya yi aiki daga 1950 zuwa 1960 /Hoto:AA
Magoya bayan jam'iyyar CHP a Izmir sun halarci taron gangamin shugaban kasa na lokacin kuma an hasko shugaban jam'iyyar CHP Ismet Inonu a dandalin Cumhuriyet na birnin gabanin zaben ranar 14 ga Mayun 1950. An sauke jam'iyyar CHP daga mulki a lokacin babban zaben kasar na wannan shekarar.
Adnan Menderes (ta hannun dama) na murnar nasarar da jam'iyyarsa ta Democrat ta samu a zaben 'yan majalisa a ranar 14 ga Mayu na1950, tare da shugaban jam'iyyar kuma tsohon Firayim Minista, Celal Bayar (a hagu) a Ankara. Daga karshe an zabi Menderes a matsayin firaminista yayin da aka zabi Bayar a matsayin shugaban kasa. / Hoto: Mehmet Surenkok da AA

Babban zaben 1957

Masu kada kuri'a a Istanbul ke tafiya ta kan titin Istiktal zuwa rumfar zabe da ke kusa a ranar karshe na babban zaben watan Oktoba na shekarar 1957 a Turkiyya./Hoton:Mario Torrisi da AP
Wani mai kada kuri'a, a bayan wani karamin allo a hannun dama, ya rufe takardarsa kafin ya mika ta zuwa akwatin zabe a wurin zabe a Masallacin Nuruosmaniye da ke Santanbul a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 1957. A bangaren hannun hagu kuma, sauran masu kada kuri'a ne ke duba takardunsu a lokacin zaben a anar karshe ta babban zaben majalisar wakilai ta kasa /Hoto:AP da Mario Torrisi

Babban zaben 1961

Magoya bayan jam'iyyar Adalci sun hallara a dandalin Sarachane da ke birnin Santanbul a ranar 13 ga watan Oktoban 1961 kwanaki biyu gabanin babban zabe a Turkiyya, wanda shi ne na farko da aka gudanar bayan juyin mulkin 1960. An kafa jam'iyyar Adalci ne bayan rusa jam'iyyar Democrat da sojoji suka ba da umarninin a yi. A zaben dai jam'iyyar CHP ta sake zama babbar jam'iyyar wacce ta mayar da Ismet Inönü kan karagar mulki a matsayin firaminista.\Hoto:Jim Pringle da AP
Shugaban Jam’iyyar Adalci ta AP Suleyman Demirel (a hagu), wanda aka dora wa alhakin kafa gwamnati, ya gana da Shugaban Jam’iyyar Ceton ta Kasa ta MSP Necmettin Erbakan (a dama) a ranar 17 ga Yuli 1977.

Yakin Zabe na cikin gida a 1985

Turgut Ozal, wanda ya zama firaminista daga 1983 zuwa 1989, yayin da yake jawabi ga magoya bayansa a zaben kananan hukumomi na 1985 a Uzunkopru, wani gari a lardin Edirne./Hoto:AA da ARSIVI

Zaben 1994 na Santanbul

Magoya bayan jam'iyyar Welfare Party RP suna daga tutar jam'iyyarsu a yayin da motarsu ke wucewa ta gaban sabon masallacin karni na 17 a gundumar Eminonu da ke birnin Santanbul gabanin zaben kananan hukumomi a watan Maris na shekarar 1994. / Hoto:Fatih Saribas da Reuters

Babban zaben 1999

Magoya bayan jam'iyyar Nationalist Movement Party MHP suna daga tutocin jam'iyyarsu da ke dauke da tambarin jaririn wata guda uku inda suke murnar fitar da sakamokon zaben Turkiyya da aka gudanar a Ankara a ranar 18 ga Afrilun 1999. /Hoto:Reuters
Wata mai kada kuri'a a Turkiyya ta kada kuri'arta a wata makarantar firamare da ke Ankara a lokacin babban zaben kasar na ranar 18 ga Afrilu, 1999. /Hoto:Reuters da FS da WS
Shugabar jam'iyyar “Center-right True Path Party’’ Tansu Ciller ta kada kuri'arta a wata rumfar zabe a Santanbul a ranar 18 ga Afrilu,n1999. Ciller ta kasance mace ta farko kuma mace daya tilo a matsayin firaminista a kasar daga 1993 zuwa 1996. /Hoto:AP da Murad Sezer

Babban Zaben 2002

Mai jefa kuri’a na dangwalar tawada don jefa kuri’arta a zaben ‘yan majalisar dokokin Turkiyya a Istanbu a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba 2002. Zaben ya dora Firaminista Recep tayyip Erdogan da jam’iyyarsa ta AK a kan mulki. (Fatih Saribas FS/WS/Rueters)
Magoya bayan jam’iyyar Adalci da Ci gaba da Turkiyya (AKP) suna murnar nasarar da suka samu a gaban helkwatar jam’iyyar da ke Ankara a lokacin da suka ji sakamakon farko bayan babban zaben ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 2002. (Rueters/Str. FS/GB)

Babban Zaben 2007

Tsohon Shugaban Kasa Suleyman Demirel ya jefa kuri’a a lokacin babban zaben ranar 22 ga Yuli 2007. Sau bakwai Demirel ya rike mukamin Firaminista a Turkiyya tun daga 1965 har zuwa 1971, wanda mulkinsa ya zo karshe sakamakon juyin mulki na biyu a kasar. Daga baya ya zama shugaban kasa daga 1993 zuwa 2000.
Magoya bayan Firaminista a wancan lokacin Recep Tayyip Erdogan da jam’iyyarsa ta AK sun halarci gangami a babban birnin Ankara, a lokacin da ake gab da gudanar da babban zaben 22 ga Yuli, 2007 wanda ya sake bai wa Erdogan damar ci gaba da mulki bayan samun kujeru 363 daga cikin 550 na majalisar dokoki. (AP Photo)

Zaben Shugaban Kasa na 2014

Dubban mutane na sauraren jawabin firmainistan wancan lokacin Recep Tayyip Erdogan a lokacin yakin neman zaben zabukan gama-gari a jam’iyya mai mulki ta AKP a dandalin Yenikapi a ranar 23 ga Maris din 2014 (Anadolu Agency).
Firaminista a wancan lokacin Recep Tayyip Erdogan na yakin neman zabe a Istanbul a ranar 10 ga Agusta 2014. A wannan shekarar aka zabi Erdogan a matsayin Shugaban Kasa a karon farko da kuri’u mafiya rinjaye bayan kwaskwarima ga kundin tsarin mulki a 2007, wanda ya bayar da damar jama’a da kansu su zabi Shugaban Kasa. (AP Photo/Emrah Gurel).
Jama’a sun jefa kuri’a a tashar zabe a lokacin zabukan gama-gari na Turkiyya a ranar 1 ga Yuni 2014 a gundumar Sorgun ta lardin Yozgat. (Anadolu Agency).

Babban Zaben watan Yunin 2015

Magoya bayan Shugaban Kasar Turkiyya Recep Tayyip Erdogan suna kada tutar kasar tare da hotunansa, a lokacin yake musu jawabi kafin babban zaben 7 ga Yunin 2015 don zabar ‘yan majalisar dokoki 550. Zaben ya bar majalisa ba aiki inda dole aka sake yin wani zaben a watan Nuwamban 2015 wanda ya bai wa AKP rinjaye a majalisa. (AP Photo/Lefteris Pitarakis).

Kuri'ar Raba Gardama Kan Gyaran Kundin Tsarin Mulki a 2017

Magoya bayan matakin Shugaban Kasar Turkiyya Recep Tayyip Erdogan na komawa tsarin shugabanci mai aiki da Shugaban Kasa mai cikakken iko sun halarci gangami a Istanbul don nuna amincewarsu tare da cewa ‘E’. (AP Photo/Emrah Gurel).
Mamban kwamitin zabe ya daga kuri’a a lokacin da ake kirga kuri’u a wata cibiyar zabe a Istanbul a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 2017. Yunkurin Shugaba Erdogan na komawa tsarin amfani da shugaban kasa mai cikakken iko ya samu nasara da kaso 51.4 na kuri’ar raba gardamar. (AP Photo/Emrah Gurel).

Zaben Shugaban Kasa da 'Yan Majalisar Dokoki na 2018

Magoya bayan ‘yan adawa sun halarci gangami a Izmir a lokacin da ake gab da gudanar da zaben 21 ga Yini 2018, wanda Erdogan ya yi nasara da kaso 52.6 n kuri’un da aka jefa. (AP Photo/Emre Tazegul).
Mai jefa kuri’a ta karbi takardun zabe dauke da hoton ‘yan takarar shugaban kasa a tashar zabe a wata makarantar firamare da ke Ankara a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2018. (AP Photo/Burhan Ozbilici).
Magoya bayan Shugaban Kasar Turkiyya Recep Tayyip Erdogan na murna a wajen hedikwatar jam’iyyarsu a Istanbul bayan sake zabar sa a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2018. (AP Photo/Burhan Ozbilici).
Wata mai jefa kuri’a kenan a cibiyar zabe a Istanbul a lokacin zaben shugaban kasa da ‘yan majalisar dokoki a ranar Lahadi 14 ga Mayu 2023. An kiyasta mutane miliyan 55.8 ne suka fita jefa kuri’a, wato kaso 88.92 na adadin masu zbe. (Osman Sadi Temizel/Reuters).
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