Daga Abdulwasiu Hassan
Shekara ɗaya bayan hawan gwamnatin shugaba Bola Tinubu a Nijeriya, mafi girman matakin gwamnati a 'yan shekarun nan, shi ne cire tallafin mai. Sai dai matakin ya haifar da mummunan tasirin tattalin arziƙi, zamantakewa, da siyasar wanda ya bai wa kowa mamaki.
Shugaba Tinubu ya ayyana ranar 29 ga Mayun 2023 cewa ya cire tallafin mai, inda matakin ya haifar da tashin farashin mai daga N190 (dala $0.11) zuwa N700 (dala $0.42) duk lita, wanda kuma ya janyo tsadar farashin duka kayan masarufi a ƙasar.
Wani mataki da ya ɗauka tare da cire tallafin man shi ne na daidaita farashin musayar kuɗaɗen waje da naira, tsakanin farashin hukuma da na kasuwar bayan fage. Shi ma ya sabbaba karyewar darajar naira daga N470 zuwa kusan N1,500 ga dala.
Yadda lamura suke yanzu, ƙasar da ke yammacin Afirka tana fama da tsadar rayuwa irin wadda ba a taɓa gani ba a shekaru da dama. Hauhawar farashi a Nijeriya ya kai kashi 34.19% a Yuni, idan an kwatanta da kashi 22.41% a Mayun 2023.
'Yan Nijeriya da dama da suka shiga zanga-zangar da aka shirya daga 1-10 ga Agusta don nuna fushi kan tsadar rayuwa, suna kallon gwamnati na buƙatar janye matakan nata, wanda su ne ummul aba'isin matsalolin.
Salon zanga-zangar 2012
Ba wannan ne karon farko da 'yan Nijeriya suke fitowa su yi adawa da matakan tsuke bakin aljihu da gwamnati ta yi ba.
Ranar 2 ga Janairun 2012, ɗaruruwan 'yan ƙasa sun fita tituna don nuna kokensu kan matakin da gwamnatin lokacin ta yi na cire tallafin mai. Gwamnatin tsohon shugaban ƙasa Goodluck Jonathan ta yi bayanin cewa ya wajaba a cire tallafin mai, saboda yana haifar da asara kuma ba za a iya cigaba da biya ba.
Matakin ya haifar da hauhawar farashin mai daga N65 zuwa N141 dare ɗaya. Wannan ya baƙanta ran 'yan Nijeriya.
Zanga-zangar da ta biyo bayan matakin, wadda aka yi wa laƙabi da gwagwarmayar "Occupy Nigeria", ta yaɗu zuwa Abuja, Lagos, da sauran birane na cikin ƙasar. Kwanaki bayan fito na fiton, da rasa rayuwa da raunata mutane, gwamnatin ta janye matakin.
Shekaru 12 tun daga lokacin, ƙangin tallafin mai ya ci gaba da illata tattalin arziƙin Nijeriya, da dagulawa gwamnatin da ke ci yau lamura, irin yadda abin ya yi a baya.
Yunƙurin rage raɗaɗi
Yayin da tasirin matakin cire tallafin mai yake gallabar al'umma, ga kuma tasirin karyewar darajar naira, gwamnatin shugaba Tinubu ta ci gaba da fito da wasu matakai don rage raɗaɗin sauye-sauyen kan 'yan ƙasa.
Ɗaya daga cikin irin shirye-shiryen da aka yi don rage wahalhalu shi ne ƙara mafi ƙarancin albashi daga N30,000 zuwa N70,000, inda aka gabatar da ƙudurin dokar da shugaban ya sanya wa hannu.
Baya ga raba kayayyakin noma ga manoma, gwamnatin ta kuma aika motocin shinkafa ga jihohi 36 na ƙasar don rarrabawa kyauta. Haka nan gwamnatin tana biyan marasa galihu kuɗaɗe.
Ministan Sadarwa na Nijeriya, Mohammed Idris ya faɗa wa manema labarai a Abuja cewa gwamnati ta ƙaddamar da shirin ba wa ɗalibai bashin biyan kuɗin makaranta a manyan makarantu, da kuma wani shiri na horar da matasa a fannin fasaha don inganta damar samun aikin yi.
Rashin karɓuwa
Yunƙurin gwamnati na gamsar da masu shirya zanga-zangar su bar shirin nasu ya gaza.
Dr Abubakar Kari na Jami'ar Abuja ya faɗa wa TRT Afrika cewa, "Gwamnati na buƙatar kyautata dabarunta. Dole wakilan gwamnati su rage zafin kalamansu, da yadda suke abubuwa. Suna buƙatar nuna wa jama'a suna tare da su."
Ya ce yana da kyau abin da mambobin majalisar wakilai na Nijeriya suka yi na saryar da rabin albashinsu don sadaukarwa ga 'yan Nijeriya da ke fama da matsalolin tsadar rayuwa.
"Duk da wannan bai wadatar ba, amma ya yi kyakkyawan tasiri a yanzu," cewar Dr Kari wanda ya ƙara da cewa, "Ko da zanga-zangar da aka shirya ba ta yi nasara ba, a gaba za ta iya tasowa babu shiri, a irin yanayin da zai yi wahala a iya shawo kanta."
Matsalar tallafin mai
Duk da ana sayar da litar mai kusan N700 a gidajen mai a faɗin Nijeriya, farashin da ake kawo shi daga ƙasashen waje ya kai N1,117, a cewar Ƙungiyar Manyan Masu Safarar Mai ta Nijeriya.
Duk da kasancewarta babbar ƙasar da ke da arziƙin mai, Nijeriya ta dogara da man da ake shigowa da shi don amfanin 'yan ƙasar. Sabuwar matatar man da aka gina a ƙasar wani cigaba ne da zai kai ƙasar ga daina shigo da tataccen mai, amma abin ba ya faruwa cikin sauri.
Kamfanin mai na ƙasar, NNPCL, wanda a yanzu shi kaɗai ne ke shigo da mai, ya jaddada cewa ƙasar ba za ta iya saka tallafi kan makamashi ba.
Ganin yanayin da tattalin arziƙin ƙasar ke ciki, ta yaya gwamnati za ta saurari buƙatar masu neman dawo da tallafin mai, kuma yaya yunƙurin nasu zai ƙare?
A yanzu dai, an ba wa manyan jami'an 'yan sandan Nijeriya umarnin tabbatar da farar hula masu shiga zanga-zangar ba su samu cutuwa ba. Jami'an tsaro sun gargaɗi masu zanga-zangar ka da su tayar da fitina.
"Komai zai iya faruwa. Abin zai iya yin bazata. Zanga-zangar za ta iya samun karɓuwa a wurare da dama," cewar Dr Kari a zantawarsu da TRT Afrika.
"Nijeriya ta sha fama da zanga-zanga a baya, amma abin da ya bambanta a wannan lokaci shi ne girman fusatar da jama'a suka yi. Da yawan 'yan ƙasa suna ganin ba su da wata mafita."
