Daga
Edward Qorro
Kasar Tanzania, wadda ke da babban dutsen nan Kilimanjaro da Gandun Dajin Serengeti, na kara jan hankalin mutane a bangaren kokarinta na adana muhalli da dabbobi.
Duk da cewa wadannan abubuwan guda biyu suna jawo miliyoyin mutane masu zuwa kasar bude ido a duk shekara, wani abu da mutane da dama ba su sani ba shi ne kasar Tanzania ce ke dauke da sama da kashi 70 na zakunan duniya baki daya.
Wani bincike da Cibiyar Binciken Dabbobi na Tanzania, wato Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) ta fitar a lambun zakunan ba ya cikin hayyacinsa.
A kasar Tanzania akwai zakuna 17,000, sama da mai biye mata, kasar Afirka ta Kudu da niki kusan biyar, inda take da guda 3,284.
Kasar Bostwana ce ta uku, mai zakuna 3,064, sai Kenya ta hudu mai guda 2,515, sannan Zambia ce ta biyar da guda 2,349.
An bi tsarin kididdigar yanayi ne na Nyerere-Selous-Mikumi, Saadani-Wami Mbiki da Serengeti a cikin kasar ta Tanzania wajen gudanar da binciken. Haka kuma a binciken an gano akwai damisa guda 24,000 kasar.
Kasancewar zakuna da yawa a kasar bai rasa nasaba da kokarin kasar ta Tanzania wajen adana muhalli da dabbobi.
Binciken bai zo da mamaki ba
Dokta Maurus Msuha, wanda yake cikin shirin adana muhalli da dabbobi na Southern Kenya Northern Tanzania Landscape (SOKNOT) wanda Asusun Kula da Dabbobi na Duniya wato World Wildlife Fund (WWF) ke daukar nauyi, bai yi mamakin ganin Tanzania na cigaba da zama ta daya ba a wajen yawan zakuna da sauran dabbobin daji.
Ya alakanta hakan da irin dokoki da kasar ke da su, doriya a kan assasa cibiyoyin kula da yanayi da adana su a kasar. "Tsare-tsaren adana muhalli da dabbobi na kasar sun taimaka wajen jawo masu zuwa yawon bude ido.
An ware manyan filayen kasar domin walwalar dabbobin, wanda wannan shi kan shi wani abu ne mai muhimmanci," in ji Dokta Msuha a tattaunawarsa da TRT Afrika.
Haka kuma tsarawa da bin tsarin adana muhalli da dabbobin kasar ya taimaka wajen jawo na'ukan dabbobi su rika rayuwa a kasar.
Kasar Tanzania na da Gandun Daji guda 22, wadanda suke karkashin kulawar Hukumar Gandun Dajin kasar wato Tanzania National Park Authority (TANAPA).
A cewar Dokta Msuha, abin da ya bambanta Tanzania da sauran kasashen duniya wajen kula da adana dabbobi shi ne kokarin adana na'ukan dabbobi daban-daban.
"Kasar Tanzania ce kadai ke da na'ukan ciyayi daban-daban guda shida, wannan kadai ya isa ya jawo dabbobi daban-daban kasar," in ji shi.
Dokta Msuha ya ce kasar ta Tanzania ta ware wasu wurare musamman domin walwalar dabbobin, wanda hakan ne ya jawo wasu zakunan zuwa Gandun Dajin na Serengeti.
Daga cikin wuraren da suke kasar masu jawo hankalin dabbobi, akwai Gandun Dajin Serengeti da Hukumar Adana Dabbobi ta Ngorongoro, da kebantattun wurare kamar Maswa da Kijereshi da Pololeti, Grumeti, da kuma Ikorongo.
Ba zakuna kadai ba
Wata sabuwar kididdigar da aka yi tare da hadin gwiwar cibiyoyin adana dabbobi irin su TAWIRI, TANAPA, da kuma Hukumar Adana Dabbobi ta Ngorongoro ta bayyana cewa Tanzania na da bauna guda 225,000, sai Afirka ta Kudu ke biye mata da guda 46,000.
Kasar Kenya ce ta uku mai bauna guda 42,000, sai Zambia mai guda 41,000. Kididdigar ta tsakanin Nuwanbam 2022 zuwa Maris na 2023 ya gano giwa guda 60,000 a Tanzania, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama kasa ta uku mai yawan giwaye.
Kasar Bostwana ce ta farko wajen yawan giwaye da guda 130,000, sai Zimbabwe mai guda 100,000 ke biye mata.
Tasirin mutane
Duk da binciken da aka yi, wanda ya nuna akwai akalla dabbobi miliyan 1.6 a Gandun Dajin Serengeti, kididdigar ta nuna ana samun raguwar wasu dabbobin irin rakumin daji da sauransu.
"Ayyukan mutane a kebantattun wurare irin su noma da gine-gine da kiwon dabbobin gida na barazana ga rayuwar dabbobin dajin, musamman a yankin Dajin Nyerere-Selous-Mikumi," inji Dokta Eblate Mjingo, Darakta-Janar na TAWIRI.
Gwamnatin Tanzania na shirin kasafta shillings biliyan 4 (kimanin Dala miliyan 1.5) daga kudin shiga da ake samu daga bangaren yawon bude domin gudanar da sabuwar kididdigar dabbobin, ciki har da wasu dabbobi irin su kada da dorinar ruwa.
Sama da masu zuwa ziyayar bude ido miliyan 1.8 ne suka ziyarci kasar a bara, inda aka samu kari daga mutum miliyan 1.3 da suka ziyarci kasar a shekarar 2022, inda kasar ta samu Dala miliyan 3.4. Kasar na da shirin ganin tana samun baki sama da miliyan biyar duk da shekara daga 2025.
