Daga Edward Qorro
Shekara 60 da suka gabata, yankuna biyu a Gabashin Afirka suka kulla alakar hadewa domin zama kasa daya saboda yadda suke da kamanceceniya wajen al'adu da tunani iri daya na dawo da martabar yankin da Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka lalata.
A yanzu da kasar Tanzania take bikin cika shekara 60 da kafuwa tun bayan hadewar Tanganyika da Zanzibar, taron murnar ranar wadda aka yi a Filin Wasa na Uhuru da ke Dar es Salam ya nuna yadda ranar ta 26 ga Afrilun 1964 ke da muhimmanci ga 'yan kasar.
Yadda manyan shugabannin wasu kasashen Afirka suka halarci taron ya nuna lallak kasar ke da mutunci a nahiyar.
Daga cikin manyan baki a taron akwai Shugaban Kasar Kenya, William Ruto da Felix Tshisekedi na Dimokuradiyyar Jamhuriyar Congo da Hakainde Hichilema na Zambia da Azali Assoumani na Comoros da Nangolo Mbumba na Namibia da Hassan Sheikh Mohamud na Somalia.
Haka kuma akwai Firaiministan Mozambique Adriano Maleiane da Mataimakin Shugaban Kasar Malawi Saulos Klaus Chilima da Jessica Alupo na Uganda.
Alamar ajiye bambanci
An shiga yarjejeniyar hadewar ce a ranar 22 ga Afrilun 1964, ranar da ta zama babbar ranar tarihi, kuma ta zama ranar cikar burin 'yan kasar.
Wadanda suka saka hannun su ne uban kasar Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere, da Sheikh Abeid Amani Karume, Shugaban Kasar Zanzibar na farkon kuma jagoran juyin juya halin yankin.
Duk da cewa hadewar ta zo da wasu kalubalen, ta cigaba da kasancewa a dunkule saboda yadda iyayen kasar suka kawar da son rai, tare da daura tubalin kasar kan yadda za ta fuskanci gaba domin jin dadin mutanenta.
Masana tarihi sun ce wannan nasarar tana da alaka ne da kokarin 'yan mazan jiyan kasar da kuma Cibiyar juyin juya halin Zanzibar da suka daura kasar a tafarki mai kyau, musamman wajen sauraro tare da amsa bukatun mutane kamar yadda tsarin kasar na tabbatar da hadin kai da son juna ya tanada.
A cikin shekara 60 da suka gabata, kasar ta samu nasarori da dama, inda ta zama tilo da ta rage a cikin kasashen da suka yi irin wannan hadakar a Afirka.
Tsarin siyasa da mulki
Duk da cewa Tanzania ta zama kasa dunkulallaiya ce a 26 ga Afrilun 1964, inda Nyerere ya zama Shugaban Kasa na farkon. Karume ne ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa na farko, sannan Rashid Mfaume Kawawa ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa na biyu.
Tsarin kasar shi ne idan Shugaban Kasar ya kasance daga yankin tudu, Mataimaki zai kasance daga yankin tsibiri. Idan aka samu sauyi kuma, sai tsarin ya canja.
Kamar yadda yake a tsarin dimokuradiyya kowace kasa na aiki da dokar, Kundin Tsarin Mulkin kasar Tanzania na 1997 yana da karfi a kan duk dan kasar. A cikinta an ce, "Za a bi zabi wanda zai zama Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa ne daga wani yankin daban da wanda Shugaban Kasar yake."
Shugabar Kasar ta yanzu, Samia Suluhu Hassan 'yar asalin Zanzibar ce. Ta kasance 'yar majalisa mai wakiltar mazabar Makunduchi daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2010, sannan ta zama Mataimakiyar Shugaban Kasa a zaben 2015.
Suluhu became President following the sudden death of John Pombe Magufuli in March 2021.
Suluhu ta zama Shugabar Kasar ce bayan John Pombe Magufuli ya rasu a watan Maris na shekarar 2021.
Duk da cewa Zanzibar na da tuta da taken kasa, a kan yi amfani da su ne kawai a tarukan yankin kadai, musamm idan ana tuna gwargwarmayar juyin juya halim da aka sha a yankin.
Ci gaban kasar a sannu-sanu
Kasar Tanzania ta samu ci gaba sosai a cikin shekara 60 da suka gabata, inda ta fara janyewa a hankali daga tsarin mulkin Nyerere na Ujamaa- tsarin mulkin taimakekiya, inda ake noman gayya sannan kasa ke kula da arzikin kasar- inda kasar ta fara komawa tsarin rage dokoki da ƙarfin gwamnati a tattalin arziki, duk da cewa ya fi kalubale.
Bangarori kamar su noma da ma'adinai da yawon bude ido da suke cikin masu kawo wa kasar kudin shiga, suma duk an fara kawo sauyi a yanayin gudanar da su.
Kasar ta samu ci gaba sosai. Dokar karatun firamare kyauta da aka yi a shekarar 2001 da fadadawa tare da inganta harkokin kiwon lafiyan kasar sun taimaka wajen inganta rayuwar mutanen kasar.
A yanzu da kasar ke farfadawo daga tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, har yanzu mutanen kasar suna fama da takauci da rashin wasu mihimman ababen more rayuwa, a daidai lokacin da suke tunanin yadda rayuwa ta za kasance a gaba.
