Rikice-rikice da tashe-tashen hankula da bala'o'i da ke afkuwa a faɗin Afirka sun yi matuƙar ƙara yawan 'yan gudun hijira a fadin nahiyar a cikin sama da shekara 15, a cewar masu sa ido na ƙasashen duniya a ranar Talata.
A karshen shekarar da ta gabata, Afirka ta kirga mutum miliyan 35 da suka rasa matsugunansu a cikin kasashensu, a cewar wani rahoto na Cibiyar Kula da Matsugunan Jama'a (IDMC).
Wannan shi ne kusan rabin adadin mutanen da suka rasa matsugunansu a duk duniya, kamar yadda shugabar IDMC Alexandra Bilak ta shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na AFP.
"Mun ga yadda adadin 'yan gudun hijirar da ke nahiyar Afirka ya nunka sau uku a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata," in ji ta, inda ta ƙara da cewa, "mafi yawan wannan gudun hijirar na cikin gida yana faruwa ne ta hanyar rikici da tashin hankali, amma kuma a yanzu afkuwar bala'o'i na ƙara haifar da shi."
Kara yawan gidaje
Ba a faye mayar da hankali kan 'yan gudun hijira da ke samun mafaka a cikin ƙasarsu kamar yadda ake yi wa masu tafiya wasu ƙsashen ba, duk da cewa sun fi yawa da kuma fuskantar matsaloli.
Gudun hijira na rusa rayuwar yau da kullum da hanyoyin samu da al'adu da asaki da zamantakewa na illahirin al'umma, lamarin da ya sa suka fi fuskantar hadura, kamar yadda IDMC ya bayyana.
Zai iya kawo koma baya ga manufofin ci gaban kasa ta hanyar kawo cikas ga yadda wadanda suka rasa matsugunan suke samun kudin shiga da biyan haya ko haraji, kamar yadda ake kira ga kasashe da su samar da ƙarin gidaje da kiwon lafiya da ilimi da kariya.
Rahoton na ranar Talata ya nuna cewa karuwar tashe-tashen hankula da tashe-tashen hankula ne suka haddasa jefa mutane miliyan 32 da digo 5 kauracewa gidajensu a Afirka.
Sauyin yanayi
Kashi 80 cikin 100 nasu sun yi gudun hijira ne a cikin kasashe biyar -- Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo da Habasha da Nijeriya da Somaliya da Sudan.
Rikici da tashe-tashen hankula "suna haifar da sauye-sauye na ƙaura, kuma mutanen da rigingimu suka raba da muhallansu sun kai shekaru ko dai 10 ko 15, a wasu lokuta ma har shekaru 20 ko 25 da suka wuce ba su iya samun mafita," in ji Bilak.
"Ba su sami damar komawa gida ba," in ji ta, ta ƙara da cewa "sababbin tashin hankali da ƙaura suna ƙara yawan adadin wadanda suke shiga cikin taskun gudun hijira", lamarin da ya sa adadin 'yan gudun hijira ya ƙaru.
Ana ci gaba da yin ƙaura saboda bala'o'i, musamman ambaliyar ruwa, a Afirka, yayin da sauyin yanayi ke ƙara tsanani.
Yarjejeniya
Adadin lokutan da aka tilasta wa mutane tsere wa bala'o'i ya ninka sau shida tsakanin 2009 zuwa 2023, daga matsugunai miliyan 1.1 a kowace shekara zuwa miliyan 6.3, in ji IDMC.
Ambaliyar ruwa ta haifar da fiye da kashi uku cikin hudu na wadannan ƙaurace-ƙaurace, yayin da fari ya kai kashi 11 cikin 100, in ji rahoton.
IDMC ta yi gargadin cewa rikice-rikice da tashe-tashen hankula da bala'o'i sukan yi karo da juna, suna haifar da al'amura masu rikitarwa, waɗanda ke ci gaba da jawo ƙaura akai-akai na tsawon lokaci.
Kungiyar ta bayyana yarjejeniyar Kampala ta Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka kan karewa da taimaka wa 'yan gudun hijira a matsayin wani muhimmin makami na magance matsalar.
Ba a magance matsalar ba
Yarjejeniyar, wadda aka amince da ita a shekarar 2009 kuma ta fara aiki a watan Disamba na 2012, ta kafa ma'auni na kasa da kasa a matsayin na farko, kuma har yanzu ita kadai ce yarjejeniyar yanki da ta zama doka da ta shafi gudun hijira na cikin gida.
Tuni dai kasashen Afirka 34 suka amince da yarjejeniyar, tare da samar da wasu tsare-tsare na shari'a da kuma zuba jari mai yawa don magance matsalar.
Sai dai hukumar ta IDMC ta ce gwamnatocin sun yi kokawa wajen fuskantar tashe-tashen hankula da kuma bala'o'i da suka ƙara tabarbarewar sauyin yanayi.
"Hakan bai gyara matsalar ba," in ji Bilak.
Tare da mafi yawan gudun hijira a Afirka saboda rikice-rikice, ta jaddada cewa "ya kamata a yi fiye da haka idan ana maganar samar da zaman lafiya da diflomasiyya da kawo sauyi."
