Shugabannin kasashe mafiya karfin tattalin arzikin a duniya za su taru a Johannesburg a ranar 22 da 23 ga Nuwamba don Taron Kolin G20, wanda ake gudanarwa a Afirka karon farko.

Ga abubuwa biyar da ya kamata ku sani game da wannan taro na shekara-shekara, wanda ke gudana a wani lokaci na karuwar rashin tabbas a duniya da kuma sa’insa tsakanin Pretoria da Washington.

Karon farko a Afirka

An kafa Kungiyar Kasashen G20 a shekarar 1999; wannan kungiyar tattalin arziki ta ƙunshi ƙasashe 19 da kungiyoyi biyu na yankin – Tarayyar Turai (EU) da Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka (AU).

A bisa yadda tsarin shugabancinta ke juyawa, Afirka ta Kudu ce ke rike shugabancin wannan shekarar, don haka taron zai gudana a Afirka karon farko.

Mambobin G20 suna wakiltar kashi 85% na Ma’aunin Tattalin Arziki, GDP na duniya da kuma kusan biyu bisa uku na yawan jama'a na duniya.

Afirka ta Kudu ce kadai daga nahiyar da ke matsayin mamba, duk da cewa AU ta samu shiga a matsayin ƙungiya a 2023.

'Haɗin kai, Daidaito, Dorewa'

Pretoria ta jera manufofinta na shugabancin G20 a matsayin ƙarfafa juriyar bala'o'i, dorewar bashi ga kasashe masu ƙananan kuɗaɗe, samar da kuɗaɗe da amfani da kuma ma'adinai masu muhimmanci don haɓakar haɗa kai da ci gaba mai dorewa.

Taken taron shi ne 'Haɗin kai, Daidaito, Dorewa'.

Afirka ta Kudu ta ɗauki ƙungiyar masana don nazarin rashin daidaito na arziki a duniya da bayar da shawarwari ga taron.

Ƙungiyar, wacce masanin tattalin arziki Joseph Stiglitz, wanda ya samu lambar yabo ta Nobel nke jagoranta, ta bukaci kafa wani kwamiti na gwamnati-zuwa-gwamnati don magance rashin daidaito cikin gaggawa da ke barin mutum biliyan 2.3 suna fama da yunwa a duniya.

Kauracewar Amurka

Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya ce a wannan watan babu jami'an Amurka da za su halarci taron.

Tun lokacin da ya dawo Fadar White House a watan Janairu, Trump ya samu sabani da Afirka ta Kudu a kan wasu batutuwa da dama, ciki har da ikirarin cewa ana yi wa fararen fata kisan kare dangi da kuma sanya haraji na kashi 30% a kayayyakin Afirka ta Kudu — mafi girma a kudu da Hamadar Saharar Afirka. Afirka ta Kudu ta musanta zargin "yi wa fararen fata kisan kare dangi.”

Duk da kauracewar Amurka, Pretoria ta ce har yanzu tana sa ran taron zai kasance 'mai nasara'.

Johannesburg tana kan gaba

Za a shirya taron shugabannin G20 a Nasrec Expo Centre, babban wurin taro da aka gina musamman a Afirka ta Kudu.

Wurin yana gefen garin Soweto mai tarihi kuma an zaɓe shi a matsayin alamar 'hadewar al’umma' bayan wairyar launin fata; wurin yana karɓar bakuncin manyan taruka kamar taron shekara-shekara na Jam'iyyar African National Congress mai mulki.

Taron ya jawo hankali kan halin da birnin yake ciki — birnin da aka kafa a zamanin fafutukar samun zinare a ƙarshen shekarun 1880 kuma yanzu ya zama gida ga kusan mutum miliyan shida, bisa kiyasin hukuma na watan Yuli.

Johannesburg, na ɗaya daga cikin yankunan mafi arziki a Afirka, amma kuma tana fama da rushewar ababen more rayuwa da rashin isassun ayyuka.

Ƙarshen zagayowar 'Global South'

Afirka ta Kudu za ta mika jagorancin G20 ga Amurka, alamar ƙarshen zagayowar shugabancin zuwa kasashe marasa karfin tattalin arziki wato 'Global South' bayan Brazil, India da Indonesia.

Trump ya ce yana shirin rage girman wannan kungiya matuƙa, wanda a tsawon shekaru ta faɗaɗa ta haɗa da kungiyoyi masu yawa da batutuwan zamantakewa da suka wuce iyakar kuɗi na asali.

Shugaban Amurka yana kuma tababar ko Afirka ta Kudu ta kai ma ta kasance a cikin kungiyar kasashe mafiya karfin tattalin arziki ta G20', lamarin da ya haifar da tambayoyi game da makomar G20.