Ana samun ƙaruwar buƙatar shinkafa a Nijeriya ta yadda wacce ake nomawa a ƙasar ba ta isan al’ummarta, a cewar wani sabon rahoto.
Rahoton wanda wata cibiya mai bincike da tattara bayanai a kan nau’ukan abinci a Afirka, AFEX ta fitar a ranar Lahadi, ta ce ƙaruwar buƙatar shinkafar ya jawo ana samun giɓi a samar da shinkafa na kusan metrik tan miliyan biyu a duk shekara.
Rahoton mai taken “AFEX Wet Season Crop Production Report for 2023” ya ce “Bukatar shinkafa a tsakanin al’ummar Nijeriya na ƙaruwa sosai daidai da bunƙasar cinikinta a kasuwa, inda hakan ke tafiya kafaɗa da kafaɗa da ƙaruwar yawan al’umma da ake hasashe na kashi 2.6 cikin 100.”
Zuwa yanzu, Nijeriya ta kashe fiye da dala biliyan 15 a cikin shekara 10 da suka gabata a ƙoƙarinta na faɗaɗa samar da shinkafar da ake ci a ƙasar, duk da yiwuwarta na zama mai iya fitar da shinkafar zuwa wasu ƙasashen, kamar yadda cibiyar AFEX ta ce.
Shinkafa ita ce abincin da aka fi ci a Nijeriya, inda a shekarun da suka gabata ake shigar da mafi yawan shinkafar da ake ci a ƙasar daga wasu ƙasashen musamman Thailand da Indiya.
Sai dai a shekarar 2016 ne gwamnatin tsohon shugaban Nijeriyar Muhammadu Buhari ta hana shigar da shinkafa cikin kasar da nufin inganta fannin noma da bai wa nomaman kasar damar samar da shinkafar da za a cin dinga ci a maimakon shiga da ita daga wasu ƙasashen.
Lamarin ya jawo an dinga samun ƙarancin shinkafa saboda rage fasa kwabrinta da aka yi.
Sai dai duk da cewa an samu bunƙasa noma ta, ga alama har yanzu ba a samar da wadda take wadatar da al’ummar ƙasar.
Tashin farashin shinkafa a duniya
A duk duniya, farashin shinkafa ya kai matsayi mafi girma cikin kusan shekaru 12 a shekarar 2023, musamman saboda haramcin da Indiya ta saka kan fitar da shinkafa da kuma tasirin da tsananin yanayin zafi na El Nino ke yi a kan samar da ita a muhimman yankuna.
Irin wadannan abubuwan, tare da sauye-sauyen yanayi da kuma bambance-bambancen inganci a lokacin girbi na bazara da kaka a sassan da ke noman shinkafa sun kara ba da gudunmawa ga hauhawar farashin.
Rahoton ya ce “irin wadannan abubuwa suna faruwa a arewacin Nijeriya ma, inda farashin shinkafar ke karuwa da fiye da kashi 37 cikin 100 a duk shekara, inda aka samu raguwar samar da shinkafar a shekarar 2022 saboda tasirin ambaliyar ruwa a lokutan damina.”
Hajiya Maryam Muhammad mai kamfanin kayan abinci na Mima Foods da ke noman shinkafa da kuma sarrafa ta a Nijeriya, ta ce kamfanoni irin nata ba sa iya samar da isasshiyar shinkafar da za ta wadaci al’ummar ƙasar saboda dalilai da dama.
“Na farko hauhawar farashin kayayyi da muke bukata wajen sarrafa shinkafa a kamfanoninmu kamar man ferur da dizel da sufuri da sauran su.
“Ita kanta shinkafa samferar da muke nomawa ba ta wadatuwa duk da cewa muna kuma saye daga wajen manoma a ciki da wajen ƙasar nan,” in ji ta.
Ta bayyana cew a mafi yawancin lokuta tasirin sauyin yanayi yana hana noman shinkafar tasu yin kyau ta yadda ba a girbe abin da aka sa ran samu.
Shi ma Malam Yakubu Iro, wani manomin shinkafa a Jihar Zamfaran Nijeriya ya ce shaida wa TRT Afrika cewa, “mu a nan Jihar Zamfara hare-haren ƴan bindiga da muka shafe shekaru muna fama da shi ya yi matuƙar tasiri a kan noman shinkafar da muke yi.
“Ta kawo a yanzu ba ma iya noma wani abin kirki, kuma hakan na tabbata yana daga cikin dalilan da suka sa kamfanoni ba sa samun isasshiyar shamferar da za su sarrafa har a sayar wa al’umma,” ya ce.
Masana sun yi amannar waɗannan dalilai na daga cikin manya da ke ta’azzara samar da shinkafar a Nijeriya.
Cibiyar AFEX ta kuma ɗora alhakin hauhawar farashin a kan ambaliya da kuma halin da kasuwannin duniya ke ciki.
Kazalika, cibiyar ta yi hasashen cewa za a samu ƙari a samar da shinkafa da kusan kashi hudu cikin 100, da kuma ƙaruwar farashin shinkafa shamfera da kusan kashi 32 cikin 100.
Cibiyar ta AFEX ta bayyana cewa an samu karuwa a noman shinkafa shamfera da sama da kashi 35 cikin 100 a kasar, wanda ya kai kimanin adadin metrik ton miliyan 5.4 a shekarar 2022, sama da tan miliyan 3.9 da aka samu a shekarar 2015.
