African National Congress (ANC) supporters attend the 112th anniversary celebrations of the founding of the party at Mbombela Stadium in Mpumalanga province. / Photo: Reuters

South Africa’s ruling African National Congress party is celebrating the 112th anniversary of its establishment ahead of national elections, expected to be the toughest since it came to power in 1994.

Thousands of party members and supporters are on Saturday convening in Mbombela Stadium in Mpumalanga province where President Cyril Ramaphosa, also the head of ANC, will deliver his annual address and outline the party’s program for the year.

The ANC is the party of South Africa's first democratically-elected president and was at the forefront of the country's liberation struggle against racial segregation and the white minority government.

Ramaphosa is seeking a second term in this year’s elections after coming to power in 2019, succeeding Jacob Zuma.

Widespread criticism

The ANC has been facing widespread criticism for failing to deliver basic services to millions of the country’s poor black majority amid deteriorating economic conditions.

With an unemployment rate of around 32% — of which 60% are young people — the party is set to face a disillusioned electorate that is running out of patience with unfulfilled promises of a better life.

Some election polls suggested the party may struggle to gain more than 50% of the electoral vote, needed to clinch the win, for the first time in its 30-year reign.

The ruling party's reputation has also taken a hit due to various allegations of corruption over the years, with many of its leaders implicated in shady government deals.

Power crisis

Added to the economic challenges, South Africans regularly suffer from power blackouts as Eskom, the country’s main energy supplier, has been failing to supply millions of households and companies with uninterrupted electricity.

Political analyst at the University of South Africa, Dirk Kotze, told The Associated Press that the ANC's biggest threat was not from the opposition gaining more support, but “from the fact that people do not want to vote for them because of the distrust that has developed in the ANC.”

"This will not be one of the toughest elections for, it will be the toughest they have ever contested,” said Kotze.

Coalition pact

In the 2019 elections that saw Ramaphosa elected, the ANC gained 57.5% of the vote, a far cry from the nearly 70% it garnered in the 2004 general elections.

If the ANC fails to garner more than 50%, it may be forced to enter a coalition agreement with some opposition parties.

The date for the elections is yet to be announced but is expected between May and August this year.

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AP