United Nations sanctions monitoring in Mali will end on Thursday after Russia vetoed a renewal of the regime that targeted anyone violating or obstructing a 2015 peace deal, hindering aid delivery, committing rights abuses, or recruiting child soldiers.
Independent UN sanctions monitors reported to the Security Council this month that Mali's troops and its foreign security partners, believed to be Russia's Wagner mercenary group, are using violence against women and other "grave human rights abuses" to spread terror.
Thirteen Security Council members voted in favour of a resolution, drafted by France and the United Arab Emirates, to extend the UN sanctions and independent monitoring for another year. Russia cast a veto, while China abstained from the vote.
Russia then instead proposed extending UN sanctions in Mali for one final year but immediately ending the independent monitoring. It was the only country to vote yes, while Japan voted no, and the remaining 13 members abstained.
US CriticismDeputy US Ambassador to the UN Robert Wood told the council that Russia wanted to eliminate independent monitoring "to stifle publication of uncomfortable truths about Wagner's actions in Mali, which require attention."
In response, Russia's Deputy UN Ambassador Dmitry Polyanskiy told Reuters that was speculation and resembled "paranoia," adding that Russia was "upholding the interests of the affected country, Mali, as the council is supposed to do."
The US has also accused Wagner, which has about 1,000 fighters in Mali, of engineering an abrupt request by the junta for a 13,000-strong U.N. peacekeeping force to leave. The decade-long operation is due to shut down by the end of the year.
Mali's request
Mali's junta, which seized power in coups in 2020 and 2021, teamed up with Wagner in 2021 to fight an insurgency. Wagner chief Yevgeny Prigozhin died in a plane crash in Russia last week, and President Vladimir Putin then ordered Wagner fighters to sign an oath of allegiance to the Russian state.
Mali's military junta wrote to the Security Council earlier this month to ask for the sanctions to be lifted.
The current annual mandate for the UN sanctions regime and independent monitoring will expire on Thursday. Russian UN Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia made it clear that Russia would not discuss the issue any further after the two votes on Wednesday.
The council established the Mali sanctions regime in 2017, which allowed it to impose travel bans and asset freezes. There are currently eight people subjected to UN sanctions. The independent monitors reported to the council twice a year on implementation and potential new designations.
