The UN's top court has said it will on Friday rule on a request by South Africa to order Israel to implement a ceasefire in Gaza.
South Africa has petitioned the International Court of Justice for emergency measures to order Israel to "cease its military operations in the Gaza Strip" including in Rafah city, where it is pressing an offensive.
The rulings of the ICJ, which rules on disputes between states, are binding but it has no power to enforce them – it has ordered Russia to halt its invasion of Ukraine to no avail, for example.
But a ruling against Israel would increase the international legal pressure after the International Criminal Court's top prosecutor said on Monday he was seeking arrest warrants for top Israeli and Hamas leaders.
'New and horrific stage'
In hearings last week, South Africa charged that what it described as Israel's "genocide" in Gaza had hit a "new and horrific stage" with its assault on Rafah, the last part of Gaza to face a ground invasion.
The Rafah campaign is "the last step in the destruction of Gaza and its Palestinian people", Vaughan Lowe, a lawyer for South Africa, argued.
"It was Rafah that brought South Africa to the court. But it is all Palestinians as a national, ethnical and racial group who need the protection from genocide that the court can order," he added.
Lawyers for Israel hit out at South Africa's case as being "totally divorced" from reality that made a "mockery" of the 1948 UN Genocide Convention it is accused of breaching.
'Tragic war'
"Calling something a genocide again and again does not make it genocide. Repeating a lie does not make it true," top lawyer for Israel Gilad Noam said.
"There is a tragic war going on but there is no genocide," he added.
Israeli troops began their ground assault on parts of Rafah early this month, defying international opposition including from top ally the United States, which voiced fears for the more than one million civilians trapped in the city.
Israel has ordered mass evacuations from the city, where it has vowed to eliminate Hamas's tunnel network and its remaining fighters. The UN says more than 800,000 people have fled.
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